*aiwiskaz
Runic: ᚨᛁᚹᛁᛊᚲᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑi̯.wis.kɑz/adjective · a-stem
Meanings
shameful, disgraceful; blameworthy
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eygʷʰ-isko-s, formed from a poorly attested root *h₂eygʷʰ- with the relational-adjectival suffix *-iskos. The root is otherwise supported mainly by Sanskrit अनेहस् (an-ehás) < *n̥-h₂eygʷʰ-os-, literally ‘without fault’; both the reconstruction and its precise meaning remain somewhat uncertain (Kroonen 2013: 16).
Declension
Strong declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | aiwiskaz | aiwiskō | aiwiską, -atō | aiwiskai | aiwiskôz | aiwiskō |
| Acc. | aiwiskanǭ | aiwiskǭ | aiwiską, -atō | aiwiskanz | aiwiskōz | aiwiskō |
| Gen. | aiwiskas, -is | aiwiskaizōz | aiwiskas, -is | aiwiskaizǫ̂ | aiwiskaizǫ̂ | aiwiskaizǫ̂ |
| Dat. | aiwiskammai | aiwiskaizōi | aiwiskammai | aiwiskaimaz | aiwiskaimaz | aiwiskaimaz |
| Inst. | aiwiskanō | aiwiskaizō | aiwiskanō | aiwiskaimiz | aiwiskaimiz | aiwiskaimiz |
Weak declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | aiwiskô | aiwiskǭ | aiwiskô | aiwiskaniz | aiwiskōniz | aiwiskōnō |
| Acc. | aiwiskanų | aiwiskōnų | aiwiskô | aiwiskanunz | aiwiskōnunz | aiwiskōnō |
| Gen. | aiwiskiniz | aiwiskōniz | aiwiskiniz | aiwiskanǫ̂ | aiwiskōnǫ̂ | aiwiskanǫ̂ |
| Dat. | aiwiskini | aiwiskōni | aiwiskini | aiwiskammaz | aiwiskōmaz | aiwiskammaz |
| Inst. | aiwiskinē | aiwiskōnē | aiwiskinē | aiwiskammiz | aiwiskōmiz | aiwiskammiz |
Descendants
- āwisċ, ǣwisċ, ēawisċ (Old English)
-
*ēwisk (Old Saxon)
-
êsch, eisch (Middle Low German)
- aiwisk, eisk, aisch (Low German)
-
êsch, eisch (Middle Low German)
-
*ēwisk (Old High German)
- eisch (Middle High German)
- *𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌹𐍃𐌺𐍃 (*aiwisks) (Gothic)