*akiz

Runic: ᚨᚲᛁᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑ.kiz/

noun · masculine · i-stem

Meanings

ache; physical pain

Etymology

An i-stem verbal abstract related to *akaną (‘to suffer a persistent or recurring pain; to ache’). The latter may have been originally identical to its homonym *akaną (‘to drive or travel in a vehicle; by extension, to sail or navigate’), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-, with a semantic development ‘drive, set in motion’ → ‘agitate, torment’ → ‘ache’; compare Latin agitō. Kroonen (2013: 18) derives it from a distinct PIE formation *h₂/₃éǵ-e/o- but admits that it could be from the ‘drive’ sense ultimately. A possible related Indo-Iranian i-stem is represented by Sanskrit आजि (ājí), Younger Avestan 𐬁𐬰𐬌 (āzi), and Persian آز (âz), though the relationship and the precise Proto-Indo-European formation remain uncertain (Hansen 2014: 83; Kroonen 2013: 18).

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.akizakīz
Acc.akįakinz
Gen.akīzakjǫ̂
Dat.akīakimaz
Inst.akīakimiz
Voc.akiakīz

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Descendants

  • *aki, *akī (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *aki, *eki (Old Dutch)
      • *ake, *eke (Middle Dutch)
        • aak, eek (Dutch)
  • *aki, *akī (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *aki, *eki (Old Dutch)
      • akel (Middle Dutch)
        • akelig (Dutch)
  • *aki, *akī (Proto-West Germanic)
    • eċe, aċe, æċe (Old English)
      • ache, ake, eche (Middle English)
        • ache (English)
        • ake (Scots)
  • *aki, *akī (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *aki, *eki, *ak, *ek (Old Saxon)
      • āk, ēk, eck (Middle Low German)
        • Eek (Low German)
        • ēker, ecker (Middle Low German)

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