*akraz

Runic: ᚨᚲᚱᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑk.rɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

a field or tract of open land, especially land used for cultivation or grazing

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂éǵros. Cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀒𐀫 (a-ko-ro), Ancient Greek ἀγρός (agrós), Latin ager, Sanskrit अज्र (ájra), and Classical Armenian արտ (art) (Beekes 2010: 16; Kroonen 2013: 18; Wodtko et al. 2008: 268). The noun is often connected with PIE root *h₂eǵ-, perhaps originally denoting open land onto which livestock were driven, but the semantic derivation is uncertain. An alternative analysis regards *h₂éǵros as a culture word of uncertain ultimate origin, possibly related to similar words for cultivated or open land in neighboring non-Indo-European languages (Kroonen 2013: 18; Wodtko et al. 2008: 268). Compare Sumerian 𒀀𒃼 (a-gar) (Electronic Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary (ePSD2) 2017: s.v. 𒀀𒃼 (a-gar)).

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.akrazakrōz, akrōs
Acc.akrąakranz
Gen.akras, akrisakrǫ̂
Dat.akraiakramaz
Inst.akrōakramiz
Voc.akrakrōz, akrōs

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Descendants

  • *akr (Proto-West Germanic)
    • accar, ackar (Old Dutch)
      • acker (Middle Dutch)
        • akker (Dutch)
          • akker (Afrikaans)
  • *akr (Proto-West Germanic)
    • æcer (Old English)
      • aker, acre (Middle English)
        • acre, aker, acer (English)
  • *akr, *akkr (Proto-West Germanic)
    • æcer (Old English)
      • aker, acre (Middle English)
        • acre, acker, ackre, accre, aacre, awker, yicker (Scots)
  • *akr, *akkr (Proto-West Germanic)
    • ekker (Old Frisian)
      • Äkker (Saterland Frisian)
      • eker, ikker (West Frisian)
  • *akr, *akkr (Proto-West Germanic)
    • ackar, akkar (Old High German)
      • acker (Middle High German)
        • Acker (German)
        • אַקער (aker) (Yiddish)
  • *akr, *akkr (Proto-West Germanic)
    • ackar, akkar (Old High German)
      • acker (Middle High German)
        • Aker (Luxembourgish)
  • *akr, *akkr (Proto-West Germanic)
    • akkar (Old Saxon)
      • acker (Middle Low German)
        • Acker (Low German)
        • Aka (Plautdietsch)
  • akr, ákr (Old Norse)
    • akur (Faroese)
    • akur (Icelandic)
  • akr, ákr (Old Norse)
    • åker, åkur, åkr (Norwegian Nynorsk)
      • åker (Norwegian Bokmål)
  • akr, ákr (Old Norse)
    • akær (Old Danish)
      • ager (Danish)
        • aker (Norwegian Bokmål)
  • akr, ákr (Old Norse)
    • aker (Old Swedish)
      • åker (Swedish)
  • 𐌰𐌺𐍂𐍃 (akrs) (Gothic)

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