*aljaną^²

Runic: ᚨᛚᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɑl.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 1

Meanings

to cause to grow or mature; to rear, fatten

Etymology

The causative of *alaną, continuing Proto-Indo-European *h₂ol-éye/o-, the o-grade causative of root *h₂el- (Kroonen 2013: 23; Rix et al. 2001: 262). Gothic directly attests only the past participle 𐌰𐌻𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌽 (alidan), literally ‘caused to be nourished’ (Lehmann 1986a: 28; Markey & Mees 2014: 4–5). Cognate in formation with Latin adoleō < Proto-Italic *oleje-, whose meaning developed from ‘feed the fire’ to ‘burn’; compare Umbrian uřetu (de Vaan 2008: 24–25; Rix et al. 2001: 262).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	aljō	aljaų	–
2nd singular	alisi	aljais	ali
3rd singular	aliþi	aljai	aljaþau
1st dual	aljōs	aljaiw	–
2nd dual	aljaþiz	aljaiþiz	aljaþiz
1st plural	aljamaz	aljaim	–
2nd plural	aliþ	aljaiþ	aliþ
3rd plural	aljanþi	aljain	aljanþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	aljai	–
2nd singular	aljasai	aljaisau
3rd singular	aljaþai	aljaiþau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	aljanþai	aljainþau
2nd plural	aljanþai	aljainþau
3rd plural	aljanþai	aljainþau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	alidǭ	alidēdį̄
2nd singular	alidēz	alidēdīz
3rd singular	alidē	alidēdī
1st dual	alidēdū	alidēdīw
2nd dual	alidēdudiz	alidēdīdiz
1st plural	alidēdum	alidēdīm
2nd plural	alidēdud	alidēdīd
3rd plural	alidēdun	alidēdīn