*apô

Runic: ᚨᛈᛟ Pronunciation: /ˈɑ.pɔːː/

noun · masculine · an-stem

Meanings

ape, monkey

Etymology

An ancient loanword, probably an early pre-Germanic adoption of a non-Indo-European Wanderwort, subsequently inflected as the masculine n-stem *apan-. Comparable forms include Sanskrit कपि (kapí), Ancient Greek κῆβος (kêbos) (also κῆπος (kêpos)), Hebrew קוֹף (qōf), and Akkadian uqūpu, iqūpu, aqūpu (Beekes 2010: 683–84; Kroonen 2013: 31; Šorgo 2020: 433). Kroonen proposes that the foreign word was borrowed at a sufficiently early stage with initial *h₂- or *h₃-, as *h₂eb- or *h₃eb-. Alternatively, Schrijver (2004: 507–511) derives *apan- from *h₂ep- + *-h₃on-, originally ‘water creature’; however, the supposedly related Proto-Celtic *abanko- is now considered most likely unrelated, favoring the Wanderwort analysis (van Sluis et al. 2023: 237).

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.apôapaniz
Acc.apanųapanunz
Gen.apinizapanǫ̂
Dat.apiniapammaz
Inst.apinēapammiz
Voc.apôapaniz

Find a form

Descendants

  • *apō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *apo (Old Dutch)
      • āpe (Middle Dutch)
        • aap (Dutch)
          • aap (Afrikaans)
  • *apō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • apa (Old English)
      • ape, aape, eape (Middle English)
        • ape (English)
        • ape, aip (Scots)
  • *apō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *apa (Old Frisian)
      • aab, ååwe (North Frisian)
      • Oape (Saterland Frisian)
      • aap (West Frisian)
  • *apō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • affo (Old High German)
      • affe (Middle High German)
        • Aff (Alemannic German)
        • Aff (East Central German)
        • Affe (German)
        • אַפֿע (afe) (Yiddish)
  • *apō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • affo (Old High German)
      • affe (Middle High German)
        • Aff (Rhine Franconian)
          • Aff (Pennsylvania German)
  • *apō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • apo (Old Saxon)
      • āpe (Middle Low German)
        • Aap (Low German)
        • Ape (Low German)
        • Op (Plautdietsch)
  • api (Old Norse)
    • abe (Danish)
    • apa (Faroese)
    • api (Icelandic)
    • ape (Norwegian Bokmål)
    • apa, ape (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  • api (Old Norse)
    • apa (Old Swedish)
      • apa (Swedish)

Explore/search these descendants

View on Wiktionary