*arnuz

Runic: ᚨᚱᚾᚢᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑr.nuz/

noun · masculine · u-stem

Meanings

eagle

Etymology

From the inherited n-stem *arô, ultimately Proto-Indo-European *h₃érō ~ *h₃ér-on-. The u-stem is secondary: the n-stem accusative plural *arnunz, from pre-Germanic *h₃ér-n-n̥s in Kroonen’s (2011a: 58, 60- 61; 2013: s.v. *aran- 1) reconstruction, was reanalyzed as a u-stem form and became the pivot for a new paradigm *arnu- (Nedoma 2018: 1590–91). Compare the parallel development *berô → *bernuz. The inherited n-stem corresponds closely to Hittite 𒄩𒀀𒊏𒀸 (ḫa-a-ra-aš /⁠χáras⁠/), stem ḫāran-, and is also related to Ancient Greek ὄρνῑς (órnīs) (Beekes 2010: 1106, s.v. ὄρνεον; Kloekhorst 2008: 107–108, 301–303)

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	arnuz	arniwiz
Acc.	arnų	arnunz
Gen.	arnauz	arniwǫ̂
Dat.	arniwi	arnumaz
Inst.	arnū	arnumiz
Voc.	arnu	arniwiz

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Descendants

*arnu (Proto-West Germanic)
- *arn (Old Dutch)
  - āren (Middle Dutch)
    - arend (Dutch)
      - arend (Afrikaans)
*arnu (Proto-West Germanic)
- earn (Old English)
  - ern, arn, aryn, eerne, eren, erne, eron, ærn, earn (Middle English)
    - erne (English)
    - earn, ern, erne (Scots)
*arnu (Proto-West Germanic)
- *ern (Old Frisian)
  - earn (West Frisian)
*arnu (Proto-West Germanic)
- arn (Old High German)
  - arn (Middle High German)
    - Arn (German)
*arnu (Proto-West Germanic)
- *arn (Old Saxon)
  - ārn, arne, arnt, arndt, aren, ārent (Middle Low German)
    - Arend (Low German)
*arnuʀ (Proto-Norse)
- ǫrn (Old Norse)
  - örn (Elfdalian)
  - ørn (Faroese)
  - ann, örn (Gutnish)
  - örn (Icelandic)
  - ørn (Norwegian Nynorsk)
*arnuʀ (Proto-Norse)
- ǫrn (Old Norse)
  - ørn (Old Danish)
    - ørn (Danish)
      - ørn (Norwegian Bokmål)
*arnuʀ (Proto-Norse)
- ǫrn (Old Norse)
  - ørn (Old Swedish)
    - örn (Swedish)
*arnuʀ (Proto-Norse)
- *ārnës (Proto-Samic)

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Meanings

Etymology

Declension

Descendants

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