*baitō

Runic: ᛒᚨᛁᛏᛟ Pronunciation: /ˈbɑi̯.tɔː/

noun · feminine · ō-stem

Meanings

food, fodder; pasture; bait

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰoyd-eh₂-, an o-grade feminine derivative of root *bʰeyd- (Wodtko et al. 2008: 11–12), continued by Old Norse beit, Old English bāt, and Old High German beiza, reflecting developments from ‘bite’ toward both ‘food, pasture’ and ‘biting, corrosive substance’ (Bosworth & Toller 2014: s.v. bát; de Vries 1977: 30, s.v. beit 1; Lloyd & Springer 1988: s.v. beiza¹; Seebold 1970: 97–98). Related to *bītaną < *bʰeyd-e/o- and *baitijaną < *bʰoyd-éye/o- (Kroonen 2013: 65; Rix et al. 2001: 70–71). Indo-European cognates of the related verb and root include Sanskrit भिनत्ति (bhinátti), Latin findō, Younger Avestan 𐬀𐬯𐬙𐬋.𐬠𐬌𐬜 (astō.biδ-). and Ancient Greek φείδομαι (pheídomai) (de Vaan 2008: 221; Rix et al. 2001: 70–71).

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.baitōbaitôz
Acc.baitǭbaitōz
Gen.baitōzbaitǫ̂
Dat.baitōibaitōmaz
Inst.baitōbaitōmiz
Voc.baitōbaitôz

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Descendants

  • *baitu (Proto-West Germanic)
    • bāt, ġebǣte (Old English)
      • bat (Middle English)
  • *baitu (Proto-West Germanic)
    • beiza, *beiz (Old High German)
      • beize, beiz (Middle High German)
        • Beez (Luxembourgish)
  • *baitu (Proto-West Germanic)
    • beiza, *beiz (Old High German)
      • beize, beiz (Middle High German)
        • Beiße, Beize (German)
          • bejdse (Danish)
          • beits (Dutch)
  • beit, beita, beiti (Old Norse)
    • beiti (Faroese)
    • beita, beit (Icelandic)
    • beita, beite (Norwegian)
    • betek, bet (Scots)
  • beit, beita, beiti (Old Norse)
    • bayte, beite, baite, beit (Middle English)
      • bait (English)
      • bait (Scots)
  • beit, beita, beiti (Old Norse)
    • bēd, bed (Old Danish)
      • bed (Danish)
  • beit, beita, beiti (Old Norse)
    • bēt (Old Swedish)
      • bet (Swedish)

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