*berganą

Runic: ᛒᛖᚱᚷᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈber.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 3

Meanings

to take care of
to preserve, to keep
to protect, to save

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰérgʰ-e/o- from root *bʰergʰ- (‘to safeguard, protect; preserve’). Cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *bergtei (‘to take care of’), Russian бере́чь (beréčʹ. ‘to guard, take care of, keep safe’), Ossetian бамбӕрзын (bambærzyn, ‘to cover’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	bergō	bergaų	–
2nd singular	birgizi	bergaiz	berg
3rd singular	birgidi	bergai	bergadau
1st dual	bergōz	bergaiw	–
2nd dual	bergadiz	bergaidiz	bergadiz
1st plural	bergamaz	bergaim	–
2nd plural	birgid	bergaid	birgid
3rd plural	bergandi	bergain	bergandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	bergai	–
2nd singular	bergazai	bergaizau
3rd singular	bergadai	bergaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	bergandai	bergaindau
2nd plural	bergandai	bergaindau
3rd plural	bergandai	bergaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	barg	burgį̄
2nd singular	barht	burgīz
3rd singular	barg	burgī
1st dual	burgū	burgīw
2nd dual	burgudiz	burgīdiz
1st plural	burgum	burgīm
2nd plural	burgud	burgīd
3rd plural	burgun	burgīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
berganą	bergandz	burganaz

Find a form

Descendants

*bergan (Proto-West Germanic)
- bergan (Old Dutch)
  - bergen (Middle Dutch)
    - bèrge (Limburgish)
*bergan (Proto-West Germanic)
- bergan (Old Dutch)
  - bergen (Middle Dutch)
    - bergen (Dutch)
      - bêre, berg (Afrikaans)
*bergan (Proto-West Germanic)
- beorgan (Old English)
  - berwen, berȝen, bergen, berghen, beregen, berrȝhenn (Middle English)
*bergan (Proto-West Germanic)
- berga (Old Frisian)
  - bierge (Saterland Frisian)
  - bergje (West Frisian)
*bergan (Proto-West Germanic)
- bergan, percan (Old High German)
  - bergen (Middle High German)
    - bergen, birgen (German)
    - biergen (Luxembourgish)
*bergan (Proto-West Germanic)
- bergan (Old Saxon)
  - bergen, bargen (Middle Low German)
    - bargen, baargen, biärgen, bergen, borgen (Low German)
      - bargen (Low German)
bjarga (Old Norse)
- bjarga (Faroese)
- bjarga (Icelandic)
- berge (Norwegian)
bjarga (Old Norse)
- biærghæ (Old Danish)
  - bjærge (Danish)
bjarga (Old Norse)
- biærgha (Old Swedish)
  - bärga (Swedish)
𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌽 (bairgan) (Gothic)

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