*bibāną

Runic: ᛒᛁᛒᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈbi.βɑː.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 3

Meanings

to tremble, quake, shiver

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *bʰe-bʰóyh₂-e ~ *bʰe-bʰih₂-ḗr, reduplicated stative of *bʰeyh₂- (‘to shake, tremble; to fear, be afraid’). Cognate with Proto-Balto-Slavic *bajā́ˀtei (‘to fear, be afraid’), Sanskrit बिभाय (bibhā́ya) (bibhā́ya, ‘to fear’), Avestan 𐬠𐬌𐬡𐬌𐬎𐬎𐬁𐬵 (biβiuuāh) (biβiuuāh, ‘they have become afraid’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	bibō	–	–
2nd singular	bibaisi	–	bibai
3rd singular	bibaiþi	–	bibāþau
1st dual	bibōs	–	–
2nd dual	bibāþiz	–	bibāþiz
1st plural	bibāmaz	–	–
2nd plural	bibaiþ	–	bibaiþ
3rd plural	bibānþi	–	bibānþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	–	–
2nd singular	bibāsai	–
3rd singular	bibāþai	–
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	bibānþai	–
2nd plural	bibānþai	–
3rd plural	bibānþai	–

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	bibadǭ	bibadēdį̄
2nd singular	bibadēz	bibadēdīz
3rd singular	bibadē	bibadēdī
1st dual	bibadēdū	bibadēdīw
2nd dual	bibadēdudiz	bibadēdīdiz
1st plural	bibadēdum	bibadēdīm
2nd plural	bibadēdud	bibadēdīd
3rd plural	bibadēdun	bibadēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
bibāną	bibāndz	bibadaz

Find a form

Descendants

*bibēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- *bevon (Old Dutch)
  - bēven (Middle Dutch)
    - beven (Dutch)
      - bewe (Afrikaans)
*bibēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- bifian, biofian, beofian (Old English)
  - bivien, beovien, buvien, befien, byfien (Middle English)
    - biveren, bevere, beveren (Middle English)
      - bever, bibber (English)
      - bever, baiver, baver, bevver (Scots)
*bibēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- bivia (Old Frisian)
  - bevern (North Frisian)
  - bieuwje (Saterland Frisian)
  - beevje (West Frisian)
*bibēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- bibēn (Old High German)
  - biben (Middle High German)
    - böoban (Cimbrian)
    - beben (German)
    - biewen (Luxembourgish)
*bibēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- bivon (Old Saxon)
  - bēven (Middle Low German)
    - beven (Low German)
*bibēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- bivon (Old Saxon)
  - bēven (Middle Low German)
    - *bibberen (Middle Low German)
      - bibbern (Low German)
        
        bibbern (German)
bifa (Old Norse)
- bæve (Danish)
- biva (Faroese)
- bifa (Icelandic)
- beve (Norwegian Bokmål)
- biva (Norwegian Nynorsk)
- bäva (Swedish)
bifa (Old Norse)
- bifra (Old Norse)
  - bævre (Danish)
  - bifra (Icelandic)
  - bevre (Norwegian Bokmål)

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