*brautijaną
Runic: ᛒᚱᚨᚢᛏᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈbrɑu̯.ti.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
- to break
- to make changes, alter
Etymology
From *breutaną (‘to destroy, crush, break (open), bud’) + *-(i)janą(causative suffix forming Weak class 1 verbs). Ultimately from an o-grade form of Proto-Indo-European root *bʰrewd- (‘to bud’), which (Pokorny 1959) treats as a d-extension of *bʰrew- (‘destroy, break’); undoubtedly related to the s-extension *bʰrews- (‘to break’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | brautijō | brautijaų | – |
| 2nd singular | brautīsi | brautijais | brautī |
| 3rd singular | brautīþi | brautijai | brautijaþau |
| 1st dual | brautijōs | brautijaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | brautijaþiz | brautijaiþiz | brautijaþiz |
| 1st plural | brautijamaz | brautijaim | – |
| 2nd plural | brautīþ | brautijaiþ | brautīþ |
| 3rd plural | brautijanþi | brautijain | brautijanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | brautijai | – |
| 2nd singular | brautijasai | brautijaisau |
| 3rd singular | brautijaþai | brautijaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | brautijanþai | brautijainþau |
| 2nd plural | brautijanþai | brautijainþau |
| 3rd plural | brautijanþai | brautijainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | brautidǭ | brautidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | brautidēz | brautidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | brautidē | brautidēdī |
| 1st dual | brautidēdū | brautidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | brautidēdudiz | brautidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | brautidēdum | brautidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | brautidēdud | brautidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | brautidēdun | brautidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| brautijaną | brautijandz | brautidaz |
Descendants
-
*brautijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
brīetan, brȳtan (Old English)
- breten, bruten (Middle English)
-
brīetan, brȳtan (Old English)
-
breyta (Old Norse)
- breyta (Icelandic)