*brekaną
Runic: ᛒᚱᛖᚲᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈbre.kɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 4
Meanings
to break
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *bʰreg-e/o-, from root *bʰreg- (‘to break’). Cognates are Latin frangō (‘to break, shatter’) and Albanian brishtë (‘fraigile, brittle; weak, slim’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | brekō | brekaų | – |
| 2nd singular | brikizi | brekaiz | brek |
| 3rd singular | brikidi | brekai | brekadau |
| 1st dual | brekōz | brekaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | brekadiz | brekaidiz | brekadiz |
| 1st plural | brekamaz | brekaim | – |
| 2nd plural | brikid | brekaid | brikid |
| 3rd plural | brekandi | brekain | brekandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | brekai | – |
| 2nd singular | brekazai | brekaizau |
| 3rd singular | brekadai | brekaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | brekandai | brekaindau |
| 2nd plural | brekandai | brekaindau |
| 3rd plural | brekandai | brekaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | brak | brēkį̄ |
| 2nd singular | braht | brēkīz |
| 3rd singular | brak | brēkī |
| 1st dual | brēkū | brēkīw |
| 2nd dual | brēkudiz | brēkīdiz |
| 1st plural | brēkum | brēkīm |
| 2nd plural | brēkud | brēkīd |
| 3rd plural | brēkun | brēkīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| brekaną | brekandz | brukanaz |
Descendants
-
*brekan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
brekan, *brecan (Old Dutch)
-
brēken (Middle Dutch)
- breken (Dutch)
- braeke (Limburgish)
-
brēken (Middle Dutch)
-
brekan, *brecan (Old Dutch)
-
*brekan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
brecan (Old English)
-
breken (Middle English)
- break (English)
- breke (Scots)
-
breken (Middle English)
-
brecan (Old English)
-
*brekan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
breka (Old Frisian)
- breke (Saterland Frisian)
- brekke (West Frisian)
-
breka (Old Frisian)
-
*brekan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
brëhhan (Old High German)
-
brëchen (Middle High German)
- brechen (German)
- briechen (Luxembourgish)
- ? (Rhine Franconian)
- ברעכן (brekhn) (Yiddish)
-
brëchen (Middle High German)
-
brëhhan (Old High German)
-
*brekan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
brekan (Old Saxon)
-
breken (Middle Low German)
- brække (Danish)
- breken (Low German)
- brekke (Norwegian Bokmål)
- bräcka (Swedish)
-
breken (Middle Low German)
-
brekan (Old Saxon)
- 𐌱𐍂𐌹𐌺𐌰𐌽 (brikan) (Gothic)