*draugaz

Runic: ᛞᚱᚨᚢᚷᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈdrɑu̯.ɣɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

phantom (mirage), ghost, revenant; demon, troll, ghoul

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrówgʰ-o-s (‘a deception, falsehood, lie’) from root *dʰrewgʰ- (‘to deceive’). Cognates are Sanskrit द्रोघ (drógha) (drógha, ‘deceitful, untrue, misleading’) and Old Persian 𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎩𐎴 (d-r-u-j-n /⁠draujanaʰ⁠⁠/, ‘deceitful, full of lies; follower of the Lie’). Related to *dreuganą (‘to mislead, deceive’).

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.draugazdraugōz, draugōs
Acc.draugądrauganz
Gen.draugas, draugisdraugǫ̂
Dat.draugaidraugamaz
Inst.draugōdraugamiz
Voc.draugdraugōz, draugōs

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Descendants

  • *ᛞᚨᚱᚨᚢᚷᚨᛉ (*dᵃraugaʀ) (Proto-Norse)
    • draugr (Old Norse)
      • drauge, dravge (Danish)
      • dreygur (Faroese)
      • draugur (Icelandic)
      • drog (Old Danish)
      • draug (Swedish)
  • *ᛞᚨᚱᚨᚢᚷᚨᛉ (*dᵃraugaʀ) (Proto-Norse)
    • draugr (Old Norse)
      • draugr, draug (English)
        • Draugr (English)
  • *ᛞᚨᚱᚨᚢᚷᚨᛉ (*dᵃraugaʀ) (Proto-Norse)
    • draugr (Old Norse)
      • draug, drau (Middle Norwegian)
        • draug, drøg, drog, drau, drauv, drøv, drov (Norwegian)
  • *ᛞᚨᚱᚨᚢᚷᚨᛉ (*dᵃraugaʀ) (Proto-Norse)
    • draugr (Old Norse)
      • drog (Norn)
        • drow, trow (Scots)
          • drow (English)
  • *ᛞᚨᚱᚨᚢᚷᚨᛉ (*dᵃraugaʀ) (Proto-Norse)
    • draugr (Old Norse)
      • *drøgher, *draugr (Old Swedish)
        • drög, dröger, draugr (Swedish)
  • *ᛞᚨᚱᚨᚢᚷᚨᛉ (*dᵃraugaʀ) (Proto-Norse)
    • *raukka (Proto-Finnic)
    • *rāvkë (Proto-Samic)

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