*drepaną

Runic: ᛞᚱᛖᛈᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈdre.pɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 5

Meanings

to hit, strike

Etymology

Since Proto-Indo-European *b (> Proto-Germanic *p) is only rarely attested, (Kroonen 2013) assumes that this verb is a back-formation from *druppōną, iterative of *drabaną (‘to hew’), from root *dʰrebʰ- (‘to grind; crush; kill’), elsewhere attested only in Balto-Slavic. Cognate with Lithuanian drė̃bti (‘to strike’), Latvian drêbt (‘to beat’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	drepō	drepaų	–
2nd singular	dripizi	drepaiz	drep
3rd singular	dripidi	drepai	drepadau
1st dual	drepōz	drepaiw	–
2nd dual	drepadiz	drepaidiz	drepadiz
1st plural	drepamaz	drepaim	–
2nd plural	dripid	drepaid	dripid
3rd plural	drepandi	drepain	drepandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	drepai	–
2nd singular	drepazai	drepaizau
3rd singular	drepadai	drepaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	drepandai	drepaindau
2nd plural	drepandai	drepaindau
3rd plural	drepandai	drepaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	drap	drēpį̄
2nd singular	draft	drēpīz
3rd singular	drap	drēpī
1st dual	drēpū	drēpīw
2nd dual	drēpudiz	drēpīdiz
1st plural	drēpum	drēpīm
2nd plural	drēpud	drēpīd
3rd plural	drēpun	drēpīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
drepaną	drepandz	drepanaz

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Descendants

*drepan (Proto-West Germanic)
- drepan (Old Dutch)
  - drēpen (Middle Dutch)
    - draepe (Limburgish)
*drepan (Proto-West Germanic)
- drepan (Old English)
  - drepen, drepe, drep (Middle English)
    - drib, drub (English)
    - drib, drub (Scots)
*drepan (Proto-West Germanic)
- treffan (Old High German)
  - treffen (Middle High German)
    - treffen (German)
      - træffe (Danish)
      - treffen (Luxembourgish)
      - treffe (Norwegian Bokmål)
      - treffe (Norwegian Nynorsk)
      - träffa (Swedish)
      - טרעפֿן (trefn) (Yiddish)
*drepan (Proto-West Germanic)
- treffan (Old High German)
  - treffen (Middle High German)
    - treffen (Middle Dutch)
      - treffen (Dutch)
        
        tref (Afrikaans)
*drepan (Proto-West Germanic)
- drepan (Old Saxon)
  - drēpen (Middle Low German)
    - drapen, dropen (Low German)
    - drapen, drepen (Low German)
drepa (Old Norse)
- drepa (Faroese)
- drepa (Icelandic)
- drepe, drepa, dribba (Norwegian Nynorsk)
drepa (Old Norse)
- dræbe (Danish)
  - drepe (Norwegian Bokmål)
drepa (Old Norse)
- dræpa (Old Swedish)
  - dräpa (Swedish)

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