*dwēsaz

Runic: ᛞᚹᛖᛊᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈdwɛː.sɑz/

adjective · a-stem

Meanings

foolish, stupid

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *dʰwḗs-o-s, a lengthened grade adjectival form of root *dʰwes- (‘to smoke, fume’). Compare *dwalaz (‘confused, stunned, foolish, misled, mad’) from related stem *dʰwelh₂-, (‘to dim, dull, cloud, make obscure, swirl, whirl’). Possible cognates are Lithuanian dvěsti and Old Irish dásacht ('possession') ('possession') (van der Sijs 2010).

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	dwēsaz	dwēsō	dwēsą, -atō	dwēsai	dwēsôz	dwēsō
Acc.	dwēsanǭ	dwēsǭ	dwēsą, -atō	dwēsanz	dwēsōz	dwēsō
Gen.	dwēsas, -is	dwēsaizōz	dwēsas, -is	dwēsaizǫ̂	dwēsaizǫ̂	dwēsaizǫ̂
Dat.	dwēsammai	dwēsaizōi	dwēsammai	dwēsaimaz	dwēsaimaz	dwēsaimaz
Inst.	dwēsanō	dwēsaizō	dwēsanō	dwēsaimiz	dwēsaimiz	dwēsaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	dwēsô	dwēsǭ	dwēsô	dwēsaniz	dwēsōniz	dwēsōnō
Acc.	dwēsanų	dwēsōnų	dwēsô	dwēsanunz	dwēsōnunz	dwēsōnō
Gen.	dwēsiniz	dwēsōniz	dwēsiniz	dwēsanǫ̂	dwēsōnǫ̂	dwēsanǫ̂
Dat.	dwēsini	dwēsōni	dwēsini	dwēsammaz	dwēsōmaz	dwēsammaz
Inst.	dwēsinē	dwēsōnē	dwēsinē	dwēsammiz	dwēsōmiz	dwēsammiz

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Descendants

*dwās (Proto-West Germanic)
- dwēs (Old Frisian)
*dwās (Proto-West Germanic)
- *dwās (Old Dutch)
  - dwâes (Middle Dutch)
    - dwaos (Limburgish)
*dwās (Proto-West Germanic)
- *dwās (Old Dutch)
  - dwâes (Middle Dutch)
    - dwaas (Dutch)
      - dwaas (Afrikaans)
      - dwaas (West Frisian)
*dwās (Proto-West Germanic)
- dwǣs (Old English)
  - dwæs (Middle English)
*dwās (Proto-West Germanic)
- *dwās, *twās (Old High German)
  - twās, dwās (Middle High German)
*dwās (Proto-West Germanic)
- *dwās (Old Saxon)
  - dwâs (Middle Low German)
    - dwas (Low German)

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