*ebnaz

Runic: ᛖᛒᚾᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈeβ.nɑz/

adjective · a-stem

Meanings

even, level

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁)ém-no-s (‘equal, straight; flat, level, even’). Cognate with Sanskrit अम्नस् (amnás) (amnás, ‘just now’), with the latter having a more typical accent. Whether the root is a derivative of *h₁em- (‘to take, distribute’) is unclear. The development of PIE *-mn-> *-bn-is phonologically not entirely secure; it may reflect an excrescent labial in the nasal cluster or analogical reshaping. Compare the similar Proto-Germanic *hebn- < *hemn- variation in the “heaven” word-family (*himinaz).

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	ebnaz	ebnō	ebną, -atō	ebnai	ebnôz	ebnō
Acc.	ebnanǭ	ebnǭ	ebną, -atō	ebnanz	ebnōz	ebnō
Gen.	ebnas, -is	ebnaizōz	ebnas, -is	ebnaizǫ̂	ebnaizǫ̂	ebnaizǫ̂
Dat.	ebnammai	ebnaizōi	ebnammai	ebnaimaz	ebnaimaz	ebnaimaz
Inst.	ebnanō	ebnaizō	ebnanō	ebnaimiz	ebnaimiz	ebnaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	ebnô	ebnǭ	ebnô	ebnaniz	ebnōniz	ebnōnō
Acc.	ebnanų	ebnōnų	ebnô	ebnanunz	ebnōnunz	ebnōnō
Gen.	ebniniz	ebnōniz	ebniniz	ebnanǫ̂	ebnōnǫ̂	ebnanǫ̂
Dat.	ebnini	ebnōni	ebnini	ebnammaz	ebnōmaz	ebnammaz
Inst.	ebninē	ebnōnē	ebninē	ebnammiz	ebnōmiz	ebnammiz

Find a form

Descendants

*ebn (Proto-West Germanic)
- *evan (Old Dutch)
  - effen, ēven (Middle Dutch)
    - effen (Dutch)
      - effe, ewe (Afrikaans)
*ebn (Proto-West Germanic)
- *evan (Old Dutch)
  - ēven (Middle Dutch)
    - aeve (Limburgish)
*ebn (West Proto-Germanic)
- efn, efen, emn, em (Old English)
  - even, evene, efen (Middle English)
    - even (English)
    - evin (Scots)
*ebn (Proto-West Germanic)
- even, ivin (Old Frisian)
  - íeuwen (Saterland Frisian)
  - effen, even (West Frisian)
*ebn (Proto-West Germanic)
- eban (Old High German)
  - eben (Middle High German)
    - ëben (Alemannic German)
    - eben (German)
*ebn (Proto-West Germanic)
- evan (Old Saxon)
  - even (Middle Low German)
    - effen (Danish)
    - effen, even (Low German)
    - även (Swedish)
jafn, jamn (Old Norse)
- javnur (Faroese)
- jafn (Icelandic)
jafn, jamn (Old Norse)
- jamn (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  - jamn (Norwegian Bokmål)
jafn, jamn (Old Norse)
- iæmfn, iafn, iæfn, ifn, iofn, iauæn, iæuæn, iæmn (Old Danish)
  - jævn (Danish)
    - jevn (Norwegian Bokmål)
jafn, jamn (Old Norse)
- iæmpn, iamn, iæmn, iampn (Old Swedish)
  - jämn (Swedish)
𐌹𐌱𐌽𐍃 (ibns) (Gothic)

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