*eburaz
Runic: ᛖᛒᚢᚱᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈe.βu.rɑz/noun · masculine · a-stem
Meanings
boar
Etymology
Probably a substrate loan or European Wanderwort. Traditionally compared with Latin aper (‘wild boar’) from Proto-Italic *apros (‘wild boar’), Proto-Balto-Slavic *weprios (‘board, wild boar’), and Thracian ἐβρος (ebros, ‘buck’), and sometimes reconstructed as PIE *h₁ep-r-. However, the comparison involves persistent irregularities: Italic *a- beside Proto-Germanic *e-, and especially Balto-Slavic initial *w-, are not easily derived from a single inherited PIE preform. Šorgo (2020) therefore treats *eburaz as a likely substratum lexeme, with the Proto-Germanic *e- possibly reflecting a substrate vowel *æ-.
Declension
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nom. | eburaz | eburōz, eburōs |
| Acc. | eburą | eburanz |
| Gen. | eburas, eburis | eburǫ̂ |
| Dat. | eburai | eburamaz |
| Inst. | eburō | eburamiz |
| Voc. | ebur | eburōz, eburōs |
Descendants
-
*ebur (Proto-West Germanic)
- ebur (Old Saxon)
-
*ebur (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*evur (Old Dutch)
-
ēver (Middle Dutch)
- ever (Dutch)
-
ēver (Middle Dutch)
-
*evur (Old Dutch)
-
*ebur (Proto-West Germanic)
-
eofor, eafor, efor (Old English)
- ēver (Middle English)
-
eofor, eafor, efor (Old English)
-
*ebur (Proto-West Germanic)
-
ebur, epur, ebar, epar, eber, eper, æber (Old High German)
-
ëber, ever (Middle High German)
- Eber (German)
- eberswīn, eberwurze, eberzant (Middle High German)
-
ëber, ever (Middle High German)
-
ebur, epur, ebar, epar, eber, eper, æber (Old High German)
-
jǫfurr (Old Norse)
- jöfur (Icelandic)
- jofur (Swedish)