*erknaz

Runic: ᛖᚱᚲᚾᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈer.knɑz/

adjective · a-stem

Meanings

pure, holy, genuine, precious

Etymology

Unlikely to be from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erǵ- (‘white, shining’), which would give Proto-Germanic *ark-, but instead seems to represent Proto-Indo-European *h₁erg-. Possibly cognate with Tocharian A yärk- (‘to honor, venerate’), Tocharian B yarke (‘honor, reverence’).

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	erknaz	erknō	erkną, -atō	erknai	erknôz	erknō
Acc.	erknanǭ	erknǭ	erkną, -atō	erknanz	erknōz	erknō
Gen.	erknas, -is	erknaizōz	erknas, -is	erknaizǫ̂	erknaizǫ̂	erknaizǫ̂
Dat.	erknammai	erknaizōi	erknammai	erknaimaz	erknaimaz	erknaimaz
Inst.	erknanō	erknaizō	erknanō	erknaimiz	erknaimiz	erknaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	erknô	erknǭ	erknô	erknaniz	erknōniz	erknōnō
Acc.	erknanų	erknōnų	erknô	erknanunz	erknōnunz	erknōnō
Gen.	erkniniz	erknōniz	erkniniz	erknanǫ̂	erknōnǫ̂	erknanǫ̂
Dat.	erknini	erknōni	erknini	erknammaz	erknōmaz	erknammaz
Inst.	erkninē	erknōnē	erkninē	erknammiz	erknōmiz	erknammiz

Find a form

Descendants

*erkn (Proto-West Germanic)
- eorcnan (Old English)
- erkan, erchan (Old High German)
*jarkn (Old Norse)
- jartegn, tein, ᛁᛅᚱᛏᛁᚴᚾᚢᛘ (iartiknum) (Old Norse)
  - jærtegn (Danish)
  - jarteikn (Icelandic)
*jarkn (Old Norse)
- jartegn, tein, ᛁᛅᚱᛏᛁᚴᚾᚢᛘ (iartiknum) (Old Norse)
  - iärtekn, iärtighne (Old Swedish)
    - järtecken (Swedish)
𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌺𐌽𐍃 (airkns) (Gothic)

Explore/search these descendants

View on Wiktionary