*ernustuz

Runic: ᛖᚱᚾᚢᛊᛏᚢᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈer.nus.tuz/

noun · masculine · u-stem

Meanings

  1. seriousness; earnest; strength; solidity
  2. struggle; fight

Etymology

Probably from a nasal-extended noun from Proto-Germanic base *er- ‘fight, strife, hostile encounter’, remodeled as a tu-stem. It is best connected with Proto-Indo-European *h₁er- (‘to reach, arrive at, encounter’), with semantic development ‘reach/meet’ → ‘encounter, clash’ → ‘attack, battle’. Compare Sanskrit ऋ॒ति (ṛtí) (ṛtí, ‘quarrel, strike; attack) and Ancient Greek ἔρῐς (érĭs, ‘strife; quarrel (especially of battle)’). Possibly related to *arniz (‘serious; capable, diligent’).

Declension

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.ernustuzernustiwiz
Acc.ernustųernustunz
Gen.ernustauzernustiwǫ̂
Dat.ernustiwiernustumaz
Inst.ernustūernustumiz
Voc.ernustuernustiwiz

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Descendants

  • earnest, eornost, eornust (Old English)
    • eornest, ernest (Middle English)
      • earnest (English)
      • ernist, ernyst (Scots)
  • ernst (Old Frisian)
    • Iedenst (Saterland Frisian)
    • earnst (West Frisian)
  • ernist, ernust (Old Saxon)
    • ērnest, ērnst (Middle Low German)
      • Eernst (Low German)
  • ernost, ernust (Old Dutch)
    • ernst, ernest (Middle Dutch)
      • èrns (Limburgish)
  • ernost, ernust (Old Dutch)
    • ernst, ernest (Middle Dutch)
      • ernst (Dutch)
        • erns (Afrikaans)
  • ernust (Old High German)
    • ërnest, ërnst (Middle High German)
      • Èèrnscht, Ärnscht (Alemannic German)
      • Eescht (Luxembourgish)
  • ernust (Old High German)
    • ërnest, ërnst (Middle High German)
      • Ernst (German)
        • Ernst, Ernest (English)

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