*arnijaz
Runic: ᚨᚱᚾᛁᛃᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɑr.ni.jɑz/adjective · ja-stem
Meanings
serious; vigorous, capable; secure, certain
Etymology
Of uncertain origin. Probably related to Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-, perhaps through a nasal derivative; compare Avestan 𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬎 (arənu-), Sanskrit अर्ण (árṇa-), and Ancient Greek ὄρνῡμῐ (órnūmĭ). The related Germanic abstract *ernustuz shows *e rather than *a; this has been explained as secondary Germanic ablaut, but the formal relationship remains uncertain (Heidermanns 1993: 105; Kroonen 2013: 35; Lloyd et al. 1998: s.v. ernust; Rix et al. 2001: s.v. h₃er-).
Declension
Strong declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | arnijaz | arnijō | arniją, -atō | arnijai | arnijôz | arnijō |
| Acc. | arnijanǭ | arnijǭ | arniją, -atō | arnijanz | arnijōz | arnijō |
| Gen. | arnijas, arnīs | arnijaizōz | arnijas, arnīs | arnijaizǫ̂ | arnijaizǫ̂ | arnijaizǫ̂ |
| Dat. | arnijammai | arnijaizōi | arnijammai | arnijaimaz | arnijaimaz | arnijaimaz |
| Inst. | arnijanō | arnijaizō | arnijanō | arnijaimiz | arnijaimiz | arnijaimiz |
Weak declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | arnijô | arnijǭ | arnijô | arnijaniz | arnijōniz | arnijōnō |
| Acc. | arnijanų | arnijōnų | arnijô | arnijanunz | arnijōnunz | arnijōnō |
| Gen. | arnīniz | arnijōniz | arnīniz | arnijanǫ̂ | arnijōnǫ̂ | arnijanǫ̂ |
| Dat. | arnīni | arnijōni | arnīni | arnijammaz | arnijōmaz | arnijammaz |
| Inst. | arnīnē | arnijōnē | arnīnē | arnijammiz | arnijōmiz | arnijammiz |
Descendants
-
ern (Old Norse)
- ern (Icelandic)
- 𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌹𐌱𐌰 (arniba) (Gothic)