*erpaz

Runic: ᛖᚱᛈᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈer.pɑz/

adjective · a-stem

Meanings

light brown, brown
dark brown, maroon

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *erppaz, earlier *h₁erbʰ-nó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁erbʰ- (‘brown’) via Kluge’s Law. Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀρφνός (orphnós) (orphnós, ‘dark brown’) (< o-grade *h₁orbʰnós), as well as Proto-Slavic *rębъ (‘speckled, spotted’) (Kroonen 2013).

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	erpaz	erpō	erpą, -atō	erpai	erpôz	erpō
Acc.	erpanǭ	erpǭ	erpą, -atō	erpanz	erpōz	erpō
Gen.	erpas, -is	erpaizōz	erpas, -is	erpaizǫ̂	erpaizǫ̂	erpaizǫ̂
Dat.	erpammai	erpaizōi	erpammai	erpaimaz	erpaimaz	erpaimaz
Inst.	erpanō	erpaizō	erpanō	erpaimiz	erpaimiz	erpaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	erpô	erpǭ	erpô	erpaniz	erpōniz	erpōnō
Acc.	erpanų	erpōnų	erpô	erpanunz	erpōnunz	erpōnō
Gen.	erpiniz	erpōniz	erpiniz	erpanǫ̂	erpōnǫ̂	erpanǫ̂
Dat.	erpini	erpōni	erpini	erpammaz	erpōmaz	erpammaz
Inst.	erpinē	erpōnē	erpinē	erpammiz	erpōmiz	erpammiz

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Descendants

*erp (Proto-West Germanic)
- eorp, earp (Old English)
- erpf (Old High German)
*erp (Proto-West Germanic)
- *erp (Old Dutch)
  - erpel (Middle Dutch)
    - erpel (Dutch)
*erp (Proto-West Germanic)
- *erp (Old Dutch)
  - erpel (Middle Dutch)
    - erpel (Middle Low German)
      - Erpel (German)
*erp (Proto-West Germanic)
- *erp (Old Saxon)
  - erpel (Middle Low German)
    - Erpel (German)
jarpi, jarpr (Old Norse)
- jarpur (Faroese)
- jarpur (Icelandic)
- järpe (Swedish)
jarpi, jarpr (Old Norse)
- jerpe (Norwegian)
  - hjerpe, jærpe (Danish)

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