*fedwōr

Runic: ᚠᛖᛞᚹᛟᚱ Pronunciation: /ˈɸeð.wɔːr/

numeral

Meanings

four

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *petwṓr, with an irregular consonant change from *kwetwṓr, the neuter form of Proto-Indo-European *kwetwóres (‘four’). The consonant change was probably caused by the influence of the *p- in the word for "five", *pénkwe. The expected outcome would have been **hwedwōr. Cognates include Albanian katër, Old Armenian: չորք (čʻorkʻ), Lithuanian keturi, Old Irish cethair, Ancient Greek τέσσαρες (téssares) (téssares), Sanskrit चतुर् (catur) (catur), Latin quattuor, and Tocharian A śtwar, all meaning ‘four’).

Descendants

  • *feuwar (Proto-West Germanic)
    • fiuwar, Viervliet, *fior, *fier (Old Dutch)
      • vier (Middle Dutch)
        • vier (Dutch)
          • vier (Afrikaans)
  • *feuwar (Proto-West Germanic)
    • fēower, fēwer, fēuor, fēowor, fēowur (Old English)
      • four, fore, feour, fower, fowwre, foure, fowr, vour (Middle English)
        • four, fower (English)
        • fower (Geordie)
        • fower (Scots)
        • vour, voure, vowre (Yola)
  • *feuwar (Proto-West Germanic)
    • fiūwer (Old Frisian)
      • fjauer (Saterland Frisian)
      • fjouwer (West Frisian)
  • *feuwar (Proto-West Germanic)
    • fior (Old High German)
      • vier (Middle High German)
        • vier (Alemannic German)
        • vier (Central Franconian)
        • vier (German)
        • véier (Luxembourgish)
        • vier (Pennsylvania German)
        • פֿיר (fir) (Yiddish)
  • *feuwar (Proto-West Germanic)
    • fiuwar, fiwar, fior, fiar, fier (Old Saxon)
      • vêr (Middle Low German)
        • vea (Plautdietsch)
  • *feuwar (Proto-West Germanic)
    • fiuwar, fiwar, fior, fiar, fier (Old Saxon)
      • vêr (Middle Low German)
        • veer, vier (Low German)
          • vier, veer (Dutch Low Saxon)
  • *feuwar (Proto-West Germanic)
    • fiuwar, fiwar, fior, fiar, fier (Old Saxon)
      • vêr (Middle Low German)
        • veer, vier (Low German)
  • fjórir (Old Norse)
    • fýra (Faroese)
    • fjórir (Icelandic)
    • fyre (Norn)
    • fjore (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  • fjórir (Old Norse)
    • fiūræ, fiūghræ, fȳræ, firæ (Old Danish)
      • fire (Danish)
        • fire (Norwegian Bokmål)
          • fire (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  • fjórir (Old Norse)
    • fiūrir, fiūri, fȳrir, fȳri (Old Swedish)
      • fyra (Swedish)
  • fjǫgurir (Old Norse)
    • fyra (Elfdalian)
    • fýra (Faroese)
    • fjórir (Icelandic)
    • fyre (Norn)
    • fjore (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  • fjǫgurir (Old Norse)
    • fiūræ, fiūghræ, fȳræ, firæ (Old Danish)
      • fire (Danish)
        • fire (Norwegian Bokmål)
          • fire (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  • fjǫgurir (Old Norse)
    • fiūrir, fiūri, fȳrir, fȳri (Old Swedish)
      • fyra (Swedish)
  • 𐍆𐌹𐌳𐍅𐍉𐍂 (fidwōr) (Gothic)
  • fyder (Crimean Gothic)

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