*fijāną
Runic: ᚠᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɸi.jɑː.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 3
Meanings
- to hate
- to dislike
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *ph₁ih₁-yé/ó-, a ye-present from stative *ph₁-y-éh₁-, from the zero-grade of root *peh₁- (‘to hate, revile, hurt’). Continued in Proto-Germanic as a Class 3 weak verb. Cognate with Sanskrit पीयति (pī́yati) (pī́yati, ‘to blame, revile, deride’). Related to *fijandz (‘enemy, fiend’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | fijō | – | – |
| 2nd singular | fijaisi | – | fijai |
| 3rd singular | fijaiþi | – | fijāþau |
| 1st dual | fijōs | – | – |
| 2nd dual | fijāþiz | – | fijāþiz |
| 1st plural | fijāmaz | – | – |
| 2nd plural | fijaiþ | – | fijaiþ |
| 3rd plural | fijānþi | – | fijānþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | – | – |
| 2nd singular | fijāsai | – |
| 3rd singular | fijāþai | – |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | fijānþai | – |
| 2nd plural | fijānþai | – |
| 3rd plural | fijānþai | – |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | fijadǭ | fijadēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | fijadēz | fijadēdīz |
| 3rd singular | fijadē | fijadēdī |
| 1st dual | fijadēdū | fijadēdīw |
| 2nd dual | fijadēdudiz | fijadēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | fijadēdum | fijadēdīm |
| 2nd plural | fijadēdud | fijadēdīd |
| 3rd plural | fijadēdun | fijadēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| fijāną | fijāndz | fijadaz |
Descendants
-
*fijēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- fēoġan (Old English)
- fīēn (Old High German)
-
fjá, fía (Old Norse)
- fíggja (Faroese)
- fjá, fía (Icelandic)
- 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌽 (fijan) (Gothic)