*flauhaz
Runic: ᚠᛚᚨᚢᚺᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɸlɑu̯.xɑz/noun · masculine · a-stem
Meanings
flea
Etymology
From pre-Germanic *plówk-o-s, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (‘to fly, flow, run’), though possibly reformulated from *plóws-o-s from PIE *plus- (‘flea’; compare Latin pūlex (‘flea’), Lithuanian blusà (‘flea’), Sanskrit प्लुषि॑ (plúṣi) (plúṣi, ‘a species of noxious insect’), Old Armenian լու (lu, ‘flea’), and Ancient Greek ψῠ́λλᾰ (psŭ́llă) (psŭ́llă, ‘flea’)). The reformulation may have developed under the influence of *fleuhaną (‘to flee; to escape’). The West Proto-Germanic reflexes in -h and the Proto-Samic reflexes show that the original word was a masculine a-stem, as ō-stems are generally borrowed with the same final vocalism (cf. PGmc *bergō > PSmc *pierkō, PGmc *farō > PSmc *fārō) (Aikio 2006) and that North Proto-Germanic speakers later reanalyzed it as a feminine ō-stem.
Declension
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nom. | flauhaz | flauhōz, flauhōs |
| Acc. | flauhą | flauhanz |
| Gen. | flauhas, flauhis | flauhǫ̂ |
| Dat. | flauhai | flauhamaz |
| Inst. | flauhō | flauhamiz |
| Voc. | flauh | flauhōz, flauhōs |
Descendants
-
*flauh (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*flō (Old Dutch)
-
vlô (Middle Dutch)
- vlo (Dutch)
- vloea, vloej (Limburgish)
-
vlô (Middle Dutch)
-
*flō (Old Dutch)
-
*flauh (Proto-West Germanic)
-
flēah, flēa, flǣh, fleah, flēo (Old English)
-
fle, flee, flei, fleigh, fley (Middle English)
- flea (English)
- flech, flaich, fle, flae (Scots)
-
fle, flee, flei, fleigh, fley (Middle English)
-
flēah, flēa, flǣh, fleah, flēo (Old English)
-
*flauh (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*flā, *flē (Old Frisian)
- Flee (Saterland Frisian)
- flie (West Frisian)
-
*flā, *flē (Old Frisian)
-
*flauh (Proto-West Germanic)
-
flōh, flō (Old High German)
-
vlōch, vlō (Middle High German)
- Flo (Alemannic German)
- Floh (German)
- פֿלוי (floy) (Yiddish)
-
vlōch, vlō (Middle High German)
-
flōh, flō (Old High German)
-
*flauh (Proto-West Germanic)
-
flōh, flō (Old High German)
-
vlōch, vlō (Middle High German)
-
Fluh, Floh (Central Franconian)
- Flou (Luxembourgish)
-
Fluh, Floh (Central Franconian)
-
vlōch, vlō (Middle High German)
-
flōh, flō (Old High German)
-
*flauh (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*flōh, *flō (Old Saxon)
-
vlô (Middle Low German)
- Flo, Flö, Flau, Flua (Low German)
-
vlô (Middle Low German)
-
*flōh, *flō (Old Saxon)
-
fló (Old Norse)
- fló (Icelandic)
- matflo (Norwegian Bokmål)
-
fló (Old Norse)
-
*marrfló (Old Norse)
- marflo (Norwegian Bokmål)
- marflo (Norwegian Nynorsk)
-
*marrfló (Old Norse)
-
*lāffēs (Proto-Samic)
- láffes (Lule Sami)
-
*lāvkkēs (Proto-Samic)
- lávkkis (Northern Sami)