*fleuhaną

Runic: ᚠᛚᛖᚢᚺᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɸleu̯.xɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 2

Meanings

to flee
to escape

Etymology

From pre-Germanic *pléwk-e/o-, from Proto-Indo-European *plewk- (‘to fly, flow, run; to splash, flap with hands’), an extension of root *plew- (‘to fly, flow, run’). The initial þl- instead of fl- in Gothic 𐌸𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽 (þliuhan) has long been debated, due to Gothic’s antiquity. However, typologically, while the reverse is quite rare in phonological change. (Jones 2002) argues that this change is a cluster-specific hypercorrection in Gothic, while (Lehmann 1986a) makes the case that it was also environment-specific, occurring before stems ending in -h, -hs, and *-kw (e.g., Gothic *þlahsjan (ON flæma), þlaqus (no cognates), þlaúhs (OE flyġe), and gaþlaihan (OHG flēhan), but flodus (OE flōd), flōkan (OS flōkan), and flauts (OHG flaozzan).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	fleuhō	fleuhaų	–
2nd singular	fliuhizi	fleuhaiz	fleuh
3rd singular	fliuhidi	fleuhai	fleuhadau
1st dual	fleuhōz	fleuhaiw	–
2nd dual	fleuhadiz	fleuhaidiz	fleuhadiz
1st plural	fleuhamaz	fleuhaim	–
2nd plural	fliuhid	fleuhaid	fliuhid
3rd plural	fleuhandi	fleuhain	fleuhandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	fleuhai	–
2nd singular	fleuhazai	fleuhaizau
3rd singular	fleuhadai	fleuhaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	fleuhandai	fleuhaindau
2nd plural	fleuhandai	fleuhaindau
3rd plural	fleuhandai	fleuhaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	flauh	flugį̄
2nd singular	flauht	flugīz
3rd singular	flauh	flugī
1st dual	flugū	flugīw
2nd dual	flugudiz	flugīdiz
1st plural	flugum	flugīm
2nd plural	flugud	flugīd
3rd plural	flugun	flugīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
fleuhaną	fleuhandz	fluganaz

Find a form

Descendants

*fleuhan (Proto-West Germanic)
- fliā (Old Frisian)
- fliohan (Old Saxon)
*fleuhan (Proto-West Germanic)
- flian (Old Dutch)
  - vlien (Middle Dutch)
    - vlieden (Dutch)
      - vlied (Afrikaans)
*fleuhan (Proto-West Germanic)
- flēon (Old English)
  - flen, fleon (Middle English)
    - flee (English)
    - flee (Scots)
*fleuhan (Proto-West Germanic)
- fliohan (Old High German)
  - vliehen (Middle High German)
    - flie (Alemannic German)
    - fliehen (German)
flýja (Old Norse)
- flýggja (Faroese)
- flýja (Icelandic)
- fly, flya (Norwegian Nynorsk)
flýja (Old Norse)
- flȳ (Old Danish)
  - fly (Danish)
    - fly (Norwegian Bokmål)
flýja (Old Norse)
- flȳia, flȳa (Old Swedish)
  - fly (Swedish)
𐌸𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽 (þliuhan) (Gothic)

Explore/search these descendants

View on Wiktionary