*galdijaną
Runic: ᚷᚨᛚᛞᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɣɑl.di.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
to geld, castrate
Etymology
From *galdijaz (‘barren, fruitless, castrated’) + *-janą (‘factitive suffix’). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gʰel- (‘to cut’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | galdijō | galdijaų | – |
| 2nd singular | galdīsi | galdijais | galdī |
| 3rd singular | galdīþi | galdijai | galdijaþau |
| 1st dual | galdijōs | galdijaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | galdijaþiz | galdijaiþiz | galdijaþiz |
| 1st plural | galdijamaz | galdijaim | – |
| 2nd plural | galdīþ | galdijaiþ | galdīþ |
| 3rd plural | galdijanþi | galdijain | galdijanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | galdijai | – |
| 2nd singular | galdijasai | galdijaisau |
| 3rd singular | galdijaþai | galdijaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | galdijanþai | galdijainþau |
| 2nd plural | galdijanþai | galdijainþau |
| 3rd plural | galdijanþai | galdijainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | galdidǭ | galdidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | galdidēz | galdidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | galdidē | galdidēdī |
| 1st dual | galdidēdū | galdidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | galdidēdudiz | galdidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | galdidēdum | galdidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | galdidēdud | galdidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | galdidēdun | galdidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| galdijaną | galdijandz | galdidaz |
Descendants
-
*galtijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*gelten (Old Dutch)
-
*gelten (Middle Dutch)
- gelten (Dutch)
-
*gelten (Middle Dutch)
-
*gelten (Old Dutch)
-
*galtijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*gelzen (Old High German)
-
gelzen (Middle High German)
- gelzen (German)
-
gelzen (Middle High German)
-
*gelzen (Old High German)
-
*galtijan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*geltian (Old Saxon)
- gelten (Middle Low German)
-
*geltian (Old Saxon)
-
gelda (Old Norse)
- gilde (Danish)
- gelda (Faroese)
- gelda (Icelandic)
- gälda, gälla (Swedish)
-
gelda (Old Norse)
-
gelden (Middle English)
- geld (English)
- geld (Scots)
-
gelden (Middle English)
- *kāltëjëtēk (Proto-Samic)