*ganāną

Runic: ᚷᚨᚾᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɣɑ.nɑː.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 3

Meanings

to gape, yawn
to gaze, stare

Etymology

According to Kroonen this stative verb is backformed from an original nasal-present Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰh₂-néh₂-, which is derived from the root *ǵʰeh₂- and suffix *-néh₂-.

Alternatively it could be derived from the noun *ganaz (‘yawn’) + *-āną.

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	ganō	–	–
2nd singular	ganaisi	–	ganai
3rd singular	ganaiþi	–	ganāþau
1st dual	ganōs	–	–
2nd dual	ganāþiz	–	ganāþiz
1st plural	ganāmaz	–	–
2nd plural	ganaiþ	–	ganaiþ
3rd plural	ganānþi	–	ganānþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	–	–
2nd singular	ganāsai	–
3rd singular	ganāþai	–
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	ganānþai	–
2nd plural	ganānþai	–
3rd plural	ganānþai	–

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	ganadǭ	ganadēdį̄
2nd singular	ganadēz	ganadēdīz
3rd singular	ganadē	ganadēdī
1st dual	ganadēdū	ganadēdīw
2nd dual	ganadēdudiz	ganadēdīdiz
1st plural	ganadēdum	ganadēdīm
2nd plural	ganadēdud	ganadēdīd
3rd plural	ganadēdun	ganadēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
ganāną	ganāndz	ganadaz

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Descendants

*ganēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- *jania (Old Frisian)
  - jåne (North Frisian)
  - jaanje, joanje (Saterland Frisian)
*ganēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- *ganōn (Old Saxon)
  - jānen (Middle Low German)
    - jahnen (German Low German)
gana (Old Norse)
*𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan) (Gothic)
- gano (Latin)
  - ganar (Aragonese)
*𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan) (Gothic)
- gano (Latin)
  - gãar, guaanhar, gaanhar, gaar (Old Galician-Portuguese)
    - gañar (Galician)
    - ganhar (Portuguese)
*𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan) (Gothic)
- gano (Latin)
  - ganar (Old Leonese)
    - ganar (Asturian)
    - ganare (Leonese)
*𐌲𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*ganan) (Gothic)
- gano (Latin)
  - ganar (Old Spanish)
    - ganar (Ladino)
    - ganar (Spanish)

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