*gaumaz

Runic: ᚷᚨᚢᛗᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈɣɑu̯.mɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

heed, attention

Etymology

Kroonen reconstructs this word from earlier *gaugmaz (compare *draumaz), and connects it with Sanskrit गूहति (gūhati) (gūhati, ‘to hide’) (with analogical -ū-), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰewǵʰ-, *gʷʰewǵʰ-, assuming the original meaning was "to heed, guard".

Alternatively, Mayrhofer connects this word with Proto-Indo-Iranian *gʰáwšas (‘noise, sound’) (whence Persian گوش (gôš, ‘ear’) and Sanskrit घुष् (ghuṣ) (ghuṣ, ‘sound’)), assuming an original form of Proto-Indo-European *g⁽ʷ⁾ʰew- (‘to perceive’) from which both roots derive.

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	gaumaz	gaumōz, gaumōs
Acc.	gaumą	gaumanz
Gen.	gaumas, gaumis	gaumǫ̂
Dat.	gaumai	gaumamaz
Inst.	gaumō	gaumamiz
Voc.	gaum	gaumōz, gaumōs

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Descendants

*gaum (Proto-West Germanic)
- *gōm (Old Dutch)
  - gôom (Middle Dutch)
    - goom (Dutch)
*gaum (Proto-West Germanic)
- *goum, goum (Old High German)
  - goum, gām, goume (Middle High German)
    - Gaum (German)
*gaum (Proto-West Germanic)
- *gōm (Old Saxon)
  - gôm, goum (Middle Low German)
    - gōm (Old Frisian)
gaumr (Old Norse)
- geymur, geymi (Faroese)
- gaumur, gaum (Icelandic)
- gaum, åtgaum (Norwegian Nynorsk)
gaumr (Old Norse)
- gome (Middle English)
  - gaum, gorm (English)
gaumr (Old Norse)
- gome (Middle English)
  - goam (Scots)
    - gumption (English)
gaum (Old Norse)
- geymur, geymi (Faroese)
- gaumur, gaum (Icelandic)
- gaum, åtgaum (Norwegian Nynorsk)
gaum (Old Norse)
- gome (Middle English)
  - gaum, gorm (English)
gaum (Old Norse)
- gome (Middle English)
  - goam (Scots)
    - gumption (English)

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