*geldaną

Runic: ᚷᛖᛚᛞᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɣel.dɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 3

Meanings

to pay
to have/give value

Etymology

Akin to Proto-Slavic *želsti (attested only in Old Church Slavonic жлѣсти (žlěsti) (žlěsti) and Old East Slavic желести (želesti)). If not an early borrowing from Germanic, these may be from common Proto-Indo-European *gʰeldʰ-. Old Irish gell (‘pledge’) may also continue the same root. On the other hand, the pre-Germanic root may need to be *gʰelt- (> *gelþ-) in order to explain Old Swedish gjalla (‘to repay’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	geldō	geldaų	–
2nd singular	gildizi	geldaiz	geld
3rd singular	gildidi	geldai	geldadau
1st dual	geldōz	geldaiw	–
2nd dual	geldadiz	geldaidiz	geldadiz
1st plural	geldamaz	geldaim	–
2nd plural	gildid	geldaid	gildid
3rd plural	geldandi	geldain	geldandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	geldai	–
2nd singular	geldazai	geldaizau
3rd singular	geldadai	geldaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	geldandai	geldaindau
2nd plural	geldandai	geldaindau
3rd plural	geldandai	geldaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	gald	guldį̄
2nd singular	galst	guldīz
3rd singular	gald	guldī
1st dual	guldū	guldīw
2nd dual	guldudiz	guldīdiz
1st plural	guldum	guldīm
2nd plural	guldud	guldīd
3rd plural	guldun	guldīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
geldaną	geldandz	guldanaz

Find a form

Descendants

*geldan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *geldan (Old Dutch)
  - gelden (Middle Dutch)
    - gelden (Dutch)
    - gèlje (Limburgish)
*geldan (Proto-West Germanic)
- ġieldan, ġildan, ġyldan, ġeldan (Old English)
  - yelden, yielden (Middle English)
    - yield (English)
    - ȝeld, yeild, yield (Scots)
*geldan (Proto-West Germanic)
- ielda, jelda (Old Frisian)
  - jilde (North Frisian)
  - jeelde (Saterland Frisian)
  - jilde (West Frisian)
*geldan (Proto-West Germanic)
- geltan (Old High German)
  - gëlten (Middle High German)
    - ghèltan (Cimbrian)
    - gelten (German)
    - gëllen (Luxembourgish)
*geldan (Proto-West Germanic)
- geldan (Old Saxon)
  - gelden (Middle Low German)
    - gellen (Low German)
gjalda (Old Norse)
- gjalda (Faroese)
- gjalda (Icelandic)
- gjelde (Norwegian Bokmål)
- gjelda, galda, gjedla, gjelja (Norwegian Nynorsk)
gjalda (Old Norse)
- gialdæ (Old Danish)
  - gælde (Danish)
gjalda (Old Norse)
- giælda, gialda, giælla, gælla (Old Swedish)
  - gälla, gälda (Swedish)
*𐌲𐌹𐌻𐌳𐌰𐌽 (*gildan) (Gothic)

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