*gnaganą

Runic: ᚷᚾᚨᚷᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɣnɑ.ɣɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 6

Meanings

to gnaw

Etymology

Probably onomatopoeic; or from Proto-Indo-European *gʰnēgʰ- (‘to gnaw, scratch’), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰen- (‘to gnaw, grate, scrate, whit’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	gnagō	gnagaų	–
2nd singular	gnagizi	gnagaiz	gnag
3rd singular	gnagidi	gnagai	gnagadau
1st dual	gnagōz	gnagaiw	–
2nd dual	gnagadiz	gnagaidiz	gnagadiz
1st plural	gnagamaz	gnagaim	–
2nd plural	gnagid	gnagaid	gnagid
3rd plural	gnagandi	gnagain	gnagandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	gnagai	–
2nd singular	gnagazai	gnagaizau
3rd singular	gnagadai	gnagaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	gnagandai	gnagaindau
2nd plural	gnagandai	gnagaindau
3rd plural	gnagandai	gnagaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	gnōg	gnōgį̄
2nd singular	gnōht	gnōgīz
3rd singular	gnōg	gnōgī
1st dual	gnōgū	gnōgīw
2nd dual	gnōgudiz	gnōgīdiz
1st plural	gnōgum	gnōgīm
2nd plural	gnōgud	gnōgīd
3rd plural	gnōgun	gnōgīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
gnaganą	gnagandz	gnaganaz

Find a form

Descendants

*gnagan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *gnagan, *cnagan (Old Dutch)
  - cnagen (Middle Dutch)
    - knagen, knauwen (Dutch)
      - knaag, knae (Afrikaans)
*gnagan (Proto-West Germanic)
- gnagan, *cnagan (Old English)
  - gnaȝen, gnawen, knawen (Middle English)
    - gnaw, knaw (English)
    - gnaw, knaw (Scots)
*gnagan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *gnaga (Old Frisian)
  - gnaue, gnauje, gnauelje (Saterland Frisian)
  - gnauwe (West Frisian)
*gnagan (Proto-West Germanic)
- gnagan, knagan, nagan (Old High German)
  - nagen (Middle High German)
    - nagen (German)
*gnagan (Proto-West Germanic)
- knagan, gnagan (Old Saxon)
  - gnāgen, knāgen (Middle Low German)
    - gnagen, gnauen (German Low German)
    - gnoagen (Plautdietsch)
*knagan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *gnagan, *cnagan (Old Dutch)
  - cnagen (Middle Dutch)
    - knagen, knauwen (Dutch)
      - knaag, knae (Afrikaans)
*knagan (Proto-West Germanic)
- gnagan, *cnagan (Old English)
  - gnaȝen, gnawen, knawen (Middle English)
    - gnaw, knaw (English)
    - gnaw, knaw (Scots)
*knagan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *gnaga (Old Frisian)
  - gnaue, gnauje, gnauelje (Saterland Frisian)
  - gnauwe (West Frisian)
*knagan (Proto-West Germanic)
- gnagan, knagan, nagan (Old High German)
  - nagen (Middle High German)
    - nagen (German)
*knagan (Proto-West Germanic)
- knagan, gnagan (Old Saxon)
  - gnāgen, knāgen (Middle Low German)
    - gnagen, gnauen (German Low German)
    - gnoagen (Plautdietsch)
gnaga (Old Norse)
- gnågå (Elfdalian)
- gnaga, naga (Faroese)
- gnage (Gutnish)
- naga (Icelandic)
- nava (Norn)
gnaga (Old Norse)
- gnave, nage (Danish)
  - gnave (Norwegian Bokmål)
gnaga (Old Norse)
- *gnagen, *gnaggen, *naggen (Middle English)
  - gnag, knag, nag (English)
gnaga (Old Norse)
- gnaga, knaga, naga, gnågå (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  - nag, knag, kneggum (Scots)
gnaga (Old Norse)
- gnaga, knaga, naga, gnågå (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  - gnage (Danish)
    - gnage (Norwegian Bokmål)
gnaga (Old Norse)
- gnagha (Old Swedish)
  - gnaga (Swedish)
naga (Old Norse)
- gnågå (Elfdalian)
- gnaga, naga (Faroese)
- gnage (Gutnish)
- naga (Icelandic)
- nava (Norn)
naga (Old Norse)
- gnave, nage (Danish)
  - gnave (Norwegian Bokmål)
naga (Old Norse)
- *gnagen, *gnaggen, *naggen (Middle English)
  - gnag, knag, nag (English)
naga (Old Norse)
- gnaga, knaga, naga, gnågå (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  - nag, knag, kneggum (Scots)
naga (Old Norse)
- gnaga, knaga, naga, gnågå (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  - gnage (Danish)
    - gnage (Norwegian Bokmål)
naga (Old Norse)
- gnagha (Old Swedish)
  - gnaga (Swedish)

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