*grīnaną

Runic: ᚷᚱᛁᚾᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈɣriː.nɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 1

Meanings

to snarl, show teeth, grin
to flash, give light

Etymology

Possibly from a Proto-Indo-European *gʰrey- (‘to flash’), with a nasal suffix; potential cognates include Old Irish grían (‘sun’). Alternatively, of ideophonic origin.

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	grīnō	grīnaų	–
2nd singular	grīnizi	grīnaiz	grīn
3rd singular	grīnidi	grīnai	grīnadau
1st dual	grīnōz	grīnaiw	–
2nd dual	grīnadiz	grīnaidiz	grīnadiz
1st plural	grīnamaz	grīnaim	–
2nd plural	grīnid	grīnaid	grīnid
3rd plural	grīnandi	grīnain	grīnandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	grīnai	–
2nd singular	grīnazai	grīnaizau
3rd singular	grīnadai	grīnaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	grīnandai	grīnaindau
2nd plural	grīnandai	grīnaindau
3rd plural	grīnandai	grīnaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	grain	grinį̄
2nd singular	graint	grinīz
3rd singular	grain	grinī
1st dual	grinū	grinīw
2nd dual	grinudiz	grinīdiz
1st plural	grinum	grinīm
2nd plural	grinud	grinīd
3rd plural	grinun	grinīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
grīnaną	grīnandz	grinanaz

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Descendants

*grīnan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *grīnan (Old Dutch)
  - grinen (Middle Dutch)
    - grijnen (Dutch)
    - griene (Limburgish)
*grīnan (Proto-West Germanic)
- grīnan (Old High German)
  - grīnen (Middle High German)
    - griine (Alemannic German)
    - greinen (German)
    - gréngen (Luxembourgish)
*grīnan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *grīnan (Old Saxon)
  - grînen (Middle Low German)
    - grienen (Dutch)
*grīnan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *grīnan (Old Saxon)
  - grînen (Middle Low German)
    - grienen (German Low German)
      - grienen (German)
grína (Old Norse)
- graina (Elfdalian)
- grína (Faroese)
- grína (Icelandic)
- grina (Norwegian Nynorsk)
grína (Old Norse)
- grine (Danish)
  - grine (Norwegian Bokmål)
grína (Old Norse)
- *grīna (Old Swedish)
  - grina (Swedish)

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