*haliþaz

Runic: ᚺᚨᛚᛁᚦᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈxɑ.li.θɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

hero

Etymology

Uncertain. Perhaps related to Proto-Slavic *xvala (‘praise, thanks’). Kluge suggests a derivation from a Proto-Indo-European *kal- (‘hard’), see also Old Church Slavonic калити (kaliti) (kaliti, ‘to harden, cool’), Old Irish calath (‘hard’), Sanskrit कलिका (kalikā) (kalikā, ‘bud’). Kroonen, comparing Old Irish caur (‘warrior, hero’), reconstructs a quasi-Indo-European substrate term *karut- from which both the Celtic and Germanic borrowed from (note that the Celtic descendant of this root, *karuts-, is not to be confused with Proto-Celtic *kawaros, which collapsed onto the same form in Old Irish); whether Tocharian B kālśke (‘youth, young brahmin’) is connected is unclear.

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	haliþaz	haliþōz, haliþōs
Acc.	haliþą	haliþanz
Gen.	haliþas, haliþis	haliþǫ̂
Dat.	haliþai	haliþamaz
Inst.	haliþō	haliþamiz
Voc.	haliþ	haliþōz, haliþōs

Find a form

Descendants

*haliþ (Proto-West Germanic)
- *helit (Old Dutch)
  - helet, helt (Middle Dutch)
    - held (Dutch)
      - held (Afrikaans)
*haliþ (Proto-West Germanic)
- hæle, hæleþ, hæleð (Old English)
  - heleð, haleð, hæleð, hathel (Middle English)
    - health (English)
    - hathill (Middle Scots)
*haliþ (Proto-West Germanic)
- *heleth (Old Frisian)
  - Häld (Saterland Frisian)
  - held (West Frisian)
*haliþ (Proto-West Germanic)
- helid (Old High German)
  - helt (Middle High German)
    - Held (German)
    - העלד (held), האָלד (hold) (Yiddish)
*haliþ (Proto-West Germanic)
- helith, helid (Old Saxon)
  - helt (Middle Low German)
    - helt (Danish)
    - Held (German Low German)
    - helt (Norwegian Bokmål)
    - helt (Norwegian Nynorsk)
    - hjälte (Swedish)
halr (Old Norse)
- halur, höldur (Icelandic)
- hauld (Norwegian Nynorsk)
hǫldr (Old Norse)
- halur, höldur (Icelandic)
- hauld (Norwegian Nynorsk)

Explore/search these descendants

View on Wiktionary