*hamfaz
Runic: ᚺᚨᛗᚠᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈxɑm.ɸɑz/adjective · a-stem
Meanings
maimed, lame
Etymology
Possibly, via an earlier sense “bent (out of shape), crooked”, from a Proto-Indo-European root meaning “to bend, curve”, but the reconstruction is disputed:
In either case, considered cognate with Lithuanian kam̃pas (‘corner’), Ancient Greek κάμπτω (kámptō) (kámptō, ‘to bend, bow, curve’) and Ancient Greek καμπή (kampḗ) (kampḗ, ‘bend’). Derksen, maintaining the former etymology, supposes the u-vocalism of Lithuanian kum̃p- is secondary.
Declension
Strong declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | hamfaz | hamfō | hamfą, -atō | hamfai | hamfôz | hamfō |
| Acc. | hamfanǭ | hamfǭ | hamfą, -atō | hamfanz | hamfōz | hamfō |
| Gen. | hamfas, -is | hamfaizōz | hamfas, -is | hamfaizǫ̂ | hamfaizǫ̂ | hamfaizǫ̂ |
| Dat. | hamfammai | hamfaizōi | hamfammai | hamfaimaz | hamfaimaz | hamfaimaz |
| Inst. | hamfanō | hamfaizō | hamfanō | hamfaimiz | hamfaimiz | hamfaimiz |
Weak declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | hamfô | hamfǭ | hamfô | hamfaniz | hamfōniz | hamfōnō |
| Acc. | hamfanų | hamfōnų | hamfô | hamfanunz | hamfōnunz | hamfōnō |
| Gen. | hamfiniz | hamfōniz | hamfiniz | hamfanǫ̂ | hamfōnǫ̂ | hamfanǫ̂ |
| Dat. | hamfini | hamfōni | hamfini | hamfammaz | hamfōmaz | hamfammaz |
| Inst. | hamfinē | hamfōnē | hamfinē | hamfammiz | hamfōmiz | hamfammiz |
Descendants
-
*hamf (Proto-West Germanic)
- hamf (Old High German)
- hāf (Old Saxon)
- 𐌷𐌰𐌼𐍆𐍃 (hamfs) (Gothic)