*hawjaną
Runic: ᚺᚨᚹᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈxɑu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
to carry out; perform; execute; fulfil
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kowh₁-éye-ti, a causative o-grade formation from *(s)kewh₁- (‘to observe, perceive’). Older theories derived the word from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kew- (‘to cut, hew, equip’), comparing Ancient Greek σκεῦος (skeûos) (skeûos, ‘vessel, device’), or from Proto-Indo-European *kewh₂- (‘to cut, hew’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hawjō | hawjaų | – |
| 2nd singular | hawisi | hawjais | hawi |
| 3rd singular | hawiþi | hawjai | hawjaþau |
| 1st dual | hawjōs | hawjaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | hawjaþiz | hawjaiþiz | hawjaþiz |
| 1st plural | hawjamaz | hawjaim | – |
| 2nd plural | hawiþ | hawjaiþ | hawiþ |
| 3rd plural | hawjanþi | hawjain | hawjanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hawjai | – |
| 2nd singular | hawjasai | hawjaisau |
| 3rd singular | hawjaþai | hawjaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | hawjanþai | hawjainþau |
| 2nd plural | hawjanþai | hawjainþau |
| 3rd plural | hawjanþai | hawjainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hawidǭ | hawidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | hawidēz | hawidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | hawidē | hawidēdī |
| 1st dual | hawidēdū | hawidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | hawidēdudiz | hawidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | hawidēdum | hawidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | hawidēdud | hawidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | hawidēdun | hawidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| hawjaną | hawjandz | hawidaz |
Descendants
-
*hauwjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- hīeġan, hēġan, hīġan (Old English)
- hēia (Old Frisian)
-
heyja (Old Norse)
- heyja (Icelandic)