*hawāną²
Runic: ᚺᚨᚹᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈxɑ.wɑː.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 3
Meanings
to observe
Etymology
The verb could also be reconstructed as *hēwijaną, but in view of Latvian kavêt (‘to prevent’), *hawāną is more likely. Also cognate with Latin caveo (‘to take care, beware’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hawō | – | – |
| 2nd singular | hawaisi | – | hawai |
| 3rd singular | hawaiþi | – | hawāþau |
| 1st dual | hawōs | – | – |
| 2nd dual | hawāþiz | – | hawāþiz |
| 1st plural | hawāmaz | – | – |
| 2nd plural | hawaiþ | – | hawaiþ |
| 3rd plural | hawānþi | – | hawānþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | – | – |
| 2nd singular | hawāsai | – |
| 3rd singular | hawāþai | – |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | hawānþai | – |
| 2nd plural | hawānþai | – |
| 3rd plural | hawānþai | – |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hawadǭ | hawadēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | hawadēz | hawadēdīz |
| 3rd singular | hawadē | hawadēdī |
| 1st dual | hawadēdū | hawadēdīw |
| 2nd dual | hawadēdudiz | hawadēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | hawadēdum | hawadēdīm |
| 2nd plural | hawadēdud | hawadēdīd |
| 3rd plural | hawadēdun | hawadēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| hawāną | hawāndz | hawadaz |
Descendants
-
*hawēn (Proto-West Germanic)
- hawian (Old English)
-
*há (Old Norse)
- hå (Norwegian)
- *havait'ak (Proto-Finnic)