*hlaþaną
Runic: ᚺᛚᚨᚦᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈxlɑ.θɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 6
Meanings
to load
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂- (‘to put, lay out’). Cognate with Lithuanian klṓti (‘to lay, lay out, spread, pave’), Russian клад (klad, ‘treasure’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hlaþō | hlaþaų | – |
| 2nd singular | hlaþizi | hlaþaiz | hlaþ |
| 3rd singular | hlaþidi | hlaþai | hlaþadau |
| 1st dual | hlaþōz | hlaþaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | hlaþadiz | hlaþaidiz | hlaþadiz |
| 1st plural | hlaþamaz | hlaþaim | – |
| 2nd plural | hlaþid | hlaþaid | hlaþid |
| 3rd plural | hlaþandi | hlaþain | hlaþandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hlaþai | – |
| 2nd singular | hlaþazai | hlaþaizau |
| 3rd singular | hlaþadai | hlaþaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | hlaþandai | hlaþaindau |
| 2nd plural | hlaþandai | hlaþaindau |
| 3rd plural | hlaþandai | hlaþaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hlōþ | hlōdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | hlōst | hlōdīz |
| 3rd singular | hlōþ | hlōdī |
| 1st dual | hlōdū | hlōdīw |
| 2nd dual | hlōdudiz | hlōdīdiz |
| 1st plural | hlōdum | hlōdīm |
| 2nd plural | hlōdud | hlōdīd |
| 3rd plural | hlōdun | hlōdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| hlaþaną | hlaþandz | hladanaz |
Descendants
-
*hlaþan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*ladan (Old Dutch)
-
lāden (Middle Dutch)
-
laden (Dutch)
- laai (Afrikaans)
-
laden (Dutch)
-
lāden (Middle Dutch)
-
*ladan (Old Dutch)
-
*hlaþan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
hladan (Old English)
-
laden (Middle English)
- lade (English)
- lade, laid (Scots)
-
laden (Middle English)
-
hladan (Old English)
-
*hlaþan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
hladan, ladan (Old High German)
-
laden (Middle High German)
- lade (Alemannic German)
- laden (German)
- lueden (Luxembourgish)
- ładować (Polish)
-
laden (Middle High German)
-
hladan, ladan (Old High German)
-
*hlaþan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
hladan (Old Saxon)
-
lāden (Middle Low German)
- laden (Low German)
-
lāden (Middle Low German)
-
hladan (Old Saxon)
-
hlaða (Old Norse)
- leða (Elfdalian)
- laða (Faroese)
- hlaða (Icelandic)
- la, lade, lada (Norwegian Nynorsk)
-
hlaða (Old Norse)
-
lade (Danish)
- lade, la (Norwegian Bokmål)
-
lade (Danish)
-
hlaða (Old Norse)
-
laþa (Old Swedish)
- ladda (Swedish)
-
laþa (Old Swedish)
- *𐌷𐌻𐌰𐌸𐌰𐌽 (*hlaþan) (Gothic)
-
? (Proto-Finnic)
- laduma (Estonian)
- latoa (Finnish)
- latoa (Votic)