*hratōną
Runic: ᚺᚱᚨᛏᛟᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈxrɑ.tɔː.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 2
Meanings
- to swing; sway; shake.
- to stagger; stumble; tumble.
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *(s)krad-, *(s)kerd- (‘to move, swing, spring’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hratō | hratǭ | – |
| 2nd singular | hratōsi | hratōs | hratō |
| 3rd singular | hratōþi | hratō | hratōþau |
| 1st dual | hratōs | hratōw | – |
| 2nd dual | hratōþiz | hratōþiz | hratōþiz |
| 1st plural | hratōmaz | hratōm | – |
| 2nd plural | hratōþ | hratōþ | hratōþ |
| 3rd plural | hratōnþi | hratōn | hratōnþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hratōi | – |
| 2nd singular | hratōsai | hratōsau |
| 3rd singular | hratōþai | hratōþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | hratōnþai | hratōnþau |
| 2nd plural | hratōnþai | hratōnþau |
| 3rd plural | hratōnþai | hratōnþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hratōdǭ | hratōdēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | hratōdēz | hratōdēdīz |
| 3rd singular | hratōdē | hratōdēdī |
| 1st dual | hratōdēdū | hratōdēdīw |
| 2nd dual | hratōdēdudiz | hratōdēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | hratōdēdum | hratōdēdīm |
| 2nd plural | hratōdēdud | hratōdēdīd |
| 3rd plural | hratōdēdun | hratōdēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| hratōną | hratōndz | hratōdaz |
Descendants
-
*hratōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*ratelon (Old Dutch)
-
ratelen (Middle Dutch)
- ratelen (Dutch)
-
ratelen (Middle Dutch)
-
*ratelon (Old Dutch)
-
*hratōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
hratian, *hrætelian, *hrætlian (Old English)
-
ratelen (Middle English)
- rattle (English)
-
ratelen (Middle English)
-
hratian, *hrætelian, *hrætlian (Old English)
-
*hratōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*razzōn (Old High German)
-
razzen, razzeln (Middle High German)
- rasseln (German)
-
razzen, razzeln (Middle High German)
-
*razzōn (Old High German)
-
*hratōn (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*hratlōn (Old Saxon)
-
rettelen, *retelen, *ratelen, *rateren (Middle Low German)
- rattern (German)
- rateln, ratern (Low German)
-
rettelen, *retelen, *ratelen, *rateren (Middle Low German)
-
*hratlōn (Old Saxon)
-
hrata (Old Norse)
- hrata (Icelandic)
- rata, rate (Norwegian Nynorsk)
- rata (Swedish)
-
hrata (Old Norse)
-
raten (Middle English)
- rate, berate (English)
-
raten (Middle English)