*hwalaz^¹

Runic: ᚺᚹᚨᛚᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈxʷɑ.lɑz/

noun · masculine · a-stem

Meanings

whale

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *(s)kʷálos (‘large fish, sheatfish’). Compare Latin squalus, Old Prussian kalis, Ancient Greek ἀσπαλιεύς (aspalieús) (aspalieús, ‘fisherman’), Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬀 (kara) (kara, ‘kind of fish’).

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
Nom.	hwalaz	hwalōz, hwalōs
Acc.	hwalą	hwalanz
Gen.	hwalas, hwalis	hwalǫ̂
Dat.	hwalai	hwalamaz
Inst.	hwalō	hwalamiz
Voc.	hwal	hwalōz, hwalōs

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Descendants

*hwal (Proto-West Germanic)
- *wal (Old Dutch)
  - wal (Middle Dutch)
    - wal (Dutch)
*hwal (Proto-West Germanic)
- hwæl (Old English)
  - whal, swale, wale, whalle, whale, quale, quall, qwall, qwalle, whaale, qwayll, qwaylle, hwæl (Middle English)
    - whale (English)
    - whaul (Scots)
*hwal (Proto-West Germanic)
- wal (Old High German)
  - wal (Middle High German)
    - Wal (German)
      - vaal (Estonian)
      - Wal (Luxembourgish)
*hwal (Proto-West Germanic)
- hwal (Old Saxon)
  - wal (Middle Low German)
    - Waal (Low German)
hvalr (Old Norse)
- wal (Elfdalian)
- hvalur (Faroese)
- val (Gutnish)
- hvalur (Icelandic)
- hval (Norn)
- hval (Scanian)
hvalr (Old Norse)
- kval (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  - kval (Norwegian Bokmål)
hvalr (Old Norse)
- hwal (Old Danish)
  - hval (Danish)
    - hval (Norwegian Bokmål)
hvalr (Old Norse)
- hval (Old Swedish)
  - val (Swedish)
*fālēs (Proto-Samic)
- valas (Finnish)
- faelies (Southern Sami)
*fālēs (Proto-Samic)
- ? (Eastern Samic)
  - fäälis (Inari Sami)
  - ва̄лесь (vāljes’) (Kildin Sami)
  - vääʹles (Skolt Sami)
  - valesʹ (Ter Sami)
*fālēs (Proto-Samic)
- ? (Western Samic)
  - sváles (Lule Sami)
  - fális (Northern Sami)
  - fáles (Pite Sami)
  - faala (Southern Sami)
  - ? (Ume Sami)

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