*hwatjaną
Runic: ᚺᚹᚨᛏᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈxʷɑt.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
- to sharpen; whet
- to instigate; incite
Etymology
From *hwataz (‘quick, sharp, brave’) + *-janą.
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hwatjō | hwatjaų | – |
| 2nd singular | hwatisi | hwatjais | hwati |
| 3rd singular | hwatiþi | hwatjai | hwatjaþau |
| 1st dual | hwatjōs | hwatjaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | hwatjaþiz | hwatjaiþiz | hwatjaþiz |
| 1st plural | hwatjamaz | hwatjaim | – |
| 2nd plural | hwatiþ | hwatjaiþ | hwatiþ |
| 3rd plural | hwatjanþi | hwatjain | hwatjanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hwatjai | – |
| 2nd singular | hwatjasai | hwatjaisau |
| 3rd singular | hwatjaþai | hwatjaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | hwatjanþai | hwatjainþau |
| 2nd plural | hwatjanþai | hwatjainþau |
| 3rd plural | hwatjanþai | hwatjainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | hwatidǭ | hwatidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | hwatidēz | hwatidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | hwatidē | hwatidēdī |
| 1st dual | hwatidēdū | hwatidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | hwatidēdudiz | hwatidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | hwatidēdum | hwatidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | hwatidēdud | hwatidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | hwatidēdun | hwatidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| hwatjaną | hwatjandz | hwatidaz |
Descendants
-
*hwattjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*wetten (Old Dutch)
-
wetten (Middle Dutch)
- wetten (Dutch)
-
wetten (Middle Dutch)
-
*wetten (Old Dutch)
-
*hwattjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
hwettan (Old English)
-
whetten, qwete, whett, whette, whettyn, whætte (Middle English)
- whet (English)
- what (Scots)
- what (Yola)
-
whetten, qwete, whett, whette, whettyn, whætte (Middle English)
-
hwettan (Old English)
-
*hwattjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*hwetta, *hwettia (Old Frisian)
- wätje (Saterland Frisian)
- wetsje, wêdzje, hotsje (West Frisian)
-
*hwetta, *hwettia (Old Frisian)
-
*hwattjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
hwezzen, wezzen (Old High German)
-
wetzen (Middle High German)
- bétzan (Cimbrian)
- wetzen (German)
-
wetzen (Middle High German)
-
hwezzen, wezzen (Old High German)
-
*hwattjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*hwettian (Old Saxon)
-
wetten (Middle Low German)
- wetten (German Low German)
-
wetten (Middle Low German)
-
*hwettian (Old Saxon)
-
hvetja (Old Norse)
- hvæde, hvætte (Danish)
- hvøtja (Faroese)
- hvetja (Icelandic)
- kvetja (Norwegian)
-
hvetja (Old Norse)
-
hvætia (Old Swedish)
- vättja, hvättja (Swedish)
-
hvætia (Old Swedish)
- 𐌲𐌰𐍈𐌰𐍄𐌾𐌰𐌽 (gaƕatjan) (Gothic)