*hwītaz
Runic: ᚺᚹᛁᛏᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈxʷiː.tɑz/adjective · a-stem
Meanings
white
Etymology
Kroonen notes a possible derivation from Proto-Indo-European *ḱweytōr, genitive *ḱwitnós, a heteroclitic byform of *ḱweytos (‘bright; shine’). The oblique stem, used to form *ḱwitnós would create a voiceless geminate stop tt assuming Kluge's law, which would be reduced to a single t after the heavy first syllable once the consonantism was analogically extended to other cases. Compare Proto-Slavic *světъ (‘light; world’), Sanskrit श्वेत (śvetá) (śvetá, ‘white, bright’).
Declension
Strong declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | hwītaz | hwītō | hwītą, -atō | hwītai | hwītôz | hwītō |
| Acc. | hwītanǭ | hwītǭ | hwītą, -atō | hwītanz | hwītōz | hwītō |
| Gen. | hwītas, -is | hwītaizōz | hwītas, -is | hwītaizǫ̂ | hwītaizǫ̂ | hwītaizǫ̂ |
| Dat. | hwītammai | hwītaizōi | hwītammai | hwītaimaz | hwītaimaz | hwītaimaz |
| Inst. | hwītanō | hwītaizō | hwītanō | hwītaimiz | hwītaimiz | hwītaimiz |
Weak declension
| Case | Sg. Masc. | Sg. Fem. | Sg. Neut. | Pl. Masc. | Pl. Fem. | Pl. Neut. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nom. | hwītô | hwītǭ | hwītô | hwītaniz | hwītōniz | hwītōnō |
| Acc. | hwītanų | hwītōnų | hwītô | hwītanunz | hwītōnunz | hwītōnō |
| Gen. | hwītiniz | hwītōniz | hwītiniz | hwītanǫ̂ | hwītōnǫ̂ | hwītanǫ̂ |
| Dat. | hwītini | hwītōni | hwītini | hwītammaz | hwītōmaz | hwītammaz |
| Inst. | hwītinē | hwītōnē | hwītinē | hwītammiz | hwītōmiz | hwītammiz |
Descendants
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*hwīt (Proto-West Germanic)
-
wit (Old Dutch)
-
wit (Middle Dutch)
- wiet (Limburgish)
-
wit (Middle Dutch)
-
wit (Old Dutch)
-
*hwīt (Proto-West Germanic)
-
wit (Old Dutch)
-
wit (Middle Dutch)
-
wit (Dutch)
- wit (Afrikaans)
-
wit (Dutch)
-
wit (Middle Dutch)
-
wit (Old Dutch)
-
*hwīt (Proto-West Germanic)
-
hwīt (Old English)
-
whit, hwit, white, whyte, whitt, whytt, whyt, whiȝt, qwyght, ȝwijt, wyghte, whiyt, whijt (Middle English)
- white (English)
- quhite, fyte, fite, whyte, white (Scots)
- whit (Yola)
-
whit, hwit, white, whyte, whitt, whytt, whyt, whiȝt, qwyght, ȝwijt, wyghte, whiyt, whijt (Middle English)
-
hwīt (Old English)
-
*hwīt (Proto-West Germanic)
-
hwīt, wīt (Old Frisian)
- ? (North Frisian)
- wiet (Saterland Frisian)
- wyt (West Frisian)
-
hwīt, wīt (Old Frisian)
-
*hwīt (Proto-West Germanic)
-
wīȥ (Old High German)
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wīȥ (Middle High German)
- wiiss (Alemannic German)
- ? (Bavarian)
- wieß (Central Franconian)
- weiß (German)
- wäiss (Luxembourgish)
- ? (Rhine Franconian)
- wȧjs (Vilamovian)
- ווײַס (vays) (Yiddish)
-
wīȥ (Middle High German)
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wīȥ (Old High German)
-
*hwīt (Proto-West Germanic)
-
hwīt (Old Saxon)
-
wit (Middle Low German)
- witt (Plautdietsch)
-
wit (Middle Low German)
-
hwīt (Old Saxon)
-
*hwīt (Proto-West Germanic)
-
hwīt (Old Saxon)
-
wit (Middle Low German)
-
witt (Low German)
- witt (German Low German)
-
witt (Low German)
-
wit (Middle Low German)
-
hwīt (Old Saxon)
-
hvítr (Old Norse)
- wait (Elfdalian)
- hvítur (Faroese)
- hvítur (Icelandic)
- hvid (Norn)
-
hvítr (Old Norse)
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kvit, kvit’u, kvit’e (Norwegian Nynorsk)
- kvit (Norwegian Bokmål)
-
kvit, kvit’u, kvit’e (Norwegian Nynorsk)
-
hvítr (Old Norse)
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hwit (Old Danish)
-
hvid (Danish)
- hvit (Norwegian Bokmål)
-
hvid (Danish)
-
hwit (Old Danish)
-
hvítr (Old Norse)
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huit (Old Gutnish)
- veitar, veita, veit (Gutnish)
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huit (Old Gutnish)
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hvítr (Old Norse)
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hvīter (Old Swedish)
- vit, hvit (Swedish)
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hvīter (Old Swedish)
- 𐍈𐌴𐌹𐍄𐍃 (ƕeits) (Gothic)
- wichtgata (Crimean Gothic)