*klawjaną

Runic: ᚲᛚᚨᚹᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈklɑu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 1

Meanings

to claw or scratch

Etymology

No certain cognates outside of Germanic. Some take the root to be from a base *gel- (‘to make round, clench’).

Conjugation

Present active

PersonIndicativeSubjunctiveImperative
1st singularklawjōklawjaų–
2nd singularklawisiklawjaisklawi
3rd singularklawiþiklawjaiklawjaþau
1st dualklawjōsklawjaiw–
2nd dualklawjaþizklawjaiþizklawjaþiz
1st pluralklawjamazklawjaim–
2nd pluralklawiþklawjaiþklawiþ
3rd pluralklawjanþiklawjainklawjanþau

Present passive

PersonIndicativeSubjunctive
1st singularklawjai–
2nd singularklawjasaiklawjaisau
3rd singularklawjaþaiklawjaiþau
1st dual––
2nd dual––
1st pluralklawjanþaiklawjainþau
2nd pluralklawjanþaiklawjainþau
3rd pluralklawjanþaiklawjainþau

Past

PersonIndicativeSubjunctive
1st singularklōwklōwį̄
2nd singularklōwtklōwīz
3rd singularklōwklōwī
1st dualklōwūklōwīw
2nd dualklōwudizklōwīdiz
1st pluralklōwumklōwīm
2nd pluralklōwudklōwīd
3rd pluralklōwunklōwīn

Non-finite Forms

InfinitivePresent ParticiplePast Participle
klawjaną klawjandz klawanaz

Find a form

Descendants

  • *klauwjan (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *clōien, *clouen (Old Dutch)
      • clôyen, clooien, clouwen (Middle Dutch)
        • klooien, klauwen (Dutch)
  • *klauwjan (Proto-West Germanic)
    • clawan, clāwan, *clīeġan (Old English)
      • clawen, cleen (Middle English)
        • claw (English)
        • claw (Scots)
  • *klauwjan (Proto-West Germanic)
    • klawjan (Old High German)
      • kleuen, klæwen (Middle High German)
        • kläuen, klauen (German)
  • *klauwjan (Proto-West Germanic)
    • *klawian, *klōian (Old Saxon)
      • klâwen, klowen, klouwen, klöuwen, kleien, kleyen, klayen, klegen, kleigen (Middle Low German)
        • klauen (German Low German)
  • klá (Old Norse)
    • kláa (Faroese)
    • klá (Icelandic)
    • klø (Norwegian Bokmål)
    • klå (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  • klá (Old Norse)
    • klā (Old Swedish)
      • klå (Swedish)
  • kleyja (Old Norse)
    • kláa (Faroese)
    • klá (Icelandic)
    • klø (Norwegian Bokmål)
    • klå (Norwegian Nynorsk)
  • kleyja (Old Norse)
    • klā (Old Swedish)
      • klå (Swedish)
  • *kalvadak (Proto-Finnic)

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