*klinkwaną
Runic: ᚲᛚᛁᚾᚲᚹᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈkliŋʷ.kʷɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 3
Meanings
- to be afraid, to be shocked, to be appalled
- to lament
- to cry, to weep
Etymology
According to Kroonen the verb is closely related to *klinganą (‘to cling, to stick’), in his reconstruction both verbs originally had the meaning 'to shrink'. He suggests a connection with Lithuanian gležti (‘to become flabby’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | klinkwō | klinkwaų | – |
| 2nd singular | klinkwizi | klinkwaiz | klinkw |
| 3rd singular | klinkwidi | klinkwai | klinkwadau |
| 1st dual | klinkwōz | klinkwaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | klinkwadiz | klinkwaidiz | klinkwadiz |
| 1st plural | klinkwamaz | klinkwaim | – |
| 2nd plural | klinkwid | klinkwaid | klinkwid |
| 3rd plural | klinkwandi | klinkwain | klinkwandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | klinkwai | – |
| 2nd singular | klinkwazai | klinkwaizau |
| 3rd singular | klinkwadai | klinkwaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | klinkwandai | klinkwaindau |
| 2nd plural | klinkwandai | klinkwaindau |
| 3rd plural | klinkwandai | klinkwaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | klankw | klunkį̄ |
| 2nd singular | klanht | klunkīz |
| 3rd singular | klankw | klunkī |
| 1st dual | klunkū | klunkīw |
| 2nd dual | klunkudiz | klunkīdiz |
| 1st plural | klunkum | klunkīm |
| 2nd plural | klunkud | klunkīd |
| 3rd plural | klunkun | klunkīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| klinkwaną | klinkwandz | klunkwanaz |
Descendants
-
klǫkkva (Old Norse)
- kløkka (Faroese)
- klökkva (Icelandic)
-
klǫkkva (Old Norse)
-
klynke, klykke (Danish)
- klynke (Norwegian Bokmål)
- klynke, klynka (Norwegian Nynorsk)
-
klynke, klykke (Danish)
-
klǫkkva (Old Norse)
-
? (Norwegian)
- kløkke (Norwegian Bokmål)
- kløkke, kløkka (Norwegian Nynorsk)
-
? (Norwegian)