*knudaną

Runic: ᚲᚾᚢᛞᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈknu.ðɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 4

Meanings

to knead

Etymology

An "aorist-present", from Pre-Germanic *gnét-, *gn̥t-, with remodeling of the zero-grade after the full-grade, from Proto-Indo-European *gen- (‘to compress’). Related to Proto-Slavic *gnesti (‘to knead, press’) (> Old Church Slavonic гнєсти (gnesti) (gnesti, ‘to squeeze, press’)).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	knudō	knudaų	–
2nd singular	knudizi	knudaiz	knud
3rd singular	knudidi	knudai	knudadau
1st dual	knudōz	knudaiw	–
2nd dual	knudadiz	knudaidiz	knudadiz
1st plural	knudamaz	knudaim	–
2nd plural	knudid	knudaid	knudid
3rd plural	knudandi	knudain	knudandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	knudai	–
2nd singular	knudazai	knudaizau
3rd singular	knudadai	knudaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	knudandai	knudaindau
2nd plural	knudandai	knudaindau
3rd plural	knudandai	knudaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	knaþ	knēdį̄
2nd singular	knast	knēdīz
3rd singular	knaþ	knēdī
1st dual	knēdū	knēdīw
2nd dual	knēdudiz	knēdīdiz
1st plural	knēdum	knēdīm
2nd plural	knēdud	knēdīd
3rd plural	knēdun	knēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
knudaną	knudandz	knudanaz

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Descendants

*knedan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *knedan (Old Dutch)
  - cnēden (Middle Dutch)
    - kneden (Dutch)
      - knee (Afrikaans)
*knedan (Proto-West Germanic)
- cnedan (Old English)
  - kneden, cnede, knede (Middle English)
    - knead (English)
    - kned (Scots)
*knedan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *kneda (Old Frisian)
  - kneede (Saterland Frisian)
  - knetsje (West Frisian)
*knedan (Proto-West Germanic)
- knëtan (Old High German)
  - knëten (Middle High German)
    - khnèttalan (Cimbrian)
    - knieden (Luxembourgish)
    - knāta (Vilamovian)
    - קנעטן (knetn) (Yiddish)
*knedan (Proto-West Germanic)
- knëtan (Old High German)
  - knëten (Middle High German)
    - kneten (German)
      - knedi (Esperanto)
*knedan (Proto-West Germanic)
- knedan (Old Saxon)
  - knēden (Middle Low German)
    - kneden (German Low German)
knoða (Old Norse)
- knoða (Faroese)
- hnoða (Icelandic)
- knode (Norwegian Nynorsk)
knoða (Old Norse)
- knodha (Old Swedish)
  - knåda (Swedish)

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