*knīpaną

Runic: ᚲᚾᛁᛈᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈkniː.pɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Strong class 1

Meanings

to pinch

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵneybʰ- (‘to pinch’). The root final -p was adopted from or influenced by the iterative *knippōną (‘to pinch, cut, snap’); see there for more.

Likely related to *hnīpaną (‘to pinch, squeeze’), but it's unclear how the variation of the initial consonant arose.

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	knīpō	knīpaų	–
2nd singular	knīpizi	knīpaiz	knīp
3rd singular	knīpidi	knīpai	knīpadau
1st dual	knīpōz	knīpaiw	–
2nd dual	knīpadiz	knīpaidiz	knīpadiz
1st plural	knīpamaz	knīpaim	–
2nd plural	knīpid	knīpaid	knīpid
3rd plural	knīpandi	knīpain	knīpandau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	knīpai	–
2nd singular	knīpazai	knīpaizau
3rd singular	knīpadai	knīpaidau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	knīpandai	knīpaindau
2nd plural	knīpandai	knīpaindau
3rd plural	knīpandai	knīpaindau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	knaip	knipį̄
2nd singular	knaift	knipīz
3rd singular	knaip	knipī
1st dual	knipū	knipīw
2nd dual	knipudiz	knipīdiz
1st plural	knipum	knipīm
2nd plural	knipud	knipīd
3rd plural	knipun	knipīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
knīpaną	knīpandz	knipanaz

Find a form

Descendants

*knīpan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *cnīpan (Old Dutch)
  - knîpen (Middle Dutch)
    - kniepe (Limburgish)
*knīpan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *cnīpan (Old Dutch)
  - knîpen (Middle Dutch)
    - kniepe, kneipe (Central Franconian)
      - knäipen (Luxembourgish)
*knīpan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *cnīpan (Old Dutch)
  - knîpen (Middle Dutch)
    - knijpen (Dutch)
      - knyp (Afrikaans)
*knīpan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *cnīpan (Old Dutch)
  - knîpen (Middle Dutch)
    - *knipen, *knippen, nippen (Middle English)
      - nip, knipe (English)
      - knipe, knip, nipe, nip (Scots)
*knīpan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *knīpa (Old Frisian)
  - kniepe (Saterland Frisian)
*knīpan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *knīpa (Old Frisian)
  - knipe (West Frisian)
    - knypje (West Frisian)
*knīpan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *knīpan (Old Saxon)
  - knîpen (Middle Low German)
    - knipa (Swedish)
*knīpan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *knīpan (Old Saxon)
  - knîpen (Middle Low German)
    - kniepen (German Low German)
      - kniepen (German)
*knīpan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *knīpan (Old Saxon)
  - knîpen (Middle Low German)
    - *knīpen (Middle High German)
      - קנײַפּן (knaypn) (Yiddish)
*knīpan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *knīpan (Old Saxon)
  - knîpen (Middle Low German)
    - *knīpen (Middle High German)
      - kneipen (German)
        
        kneifen (German)

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