*kweþaną
Runic: ᚲᚹᛖᚦᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈkʷe.θɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 5
Meanings
to say
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʷet- (‘to say, speak’). Cognate with Old Armenian կոչեմ (kočʻem, ‘to call, invite’).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | kweþō | kweþaų | – |
| 2nd singular | kwiþizi | kweþaiz | kweþ |
| 3rd singular | kwiþidi | kweþai | kweþadau |
| 1st dual | kweþōz | kweþaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | kweþadiz | kweþaidiz | kweþadiz |
| 1st plural | kweþamaz | kweþaim | – |
| 2nd plural | kwiþid | kweþaid | kwiþid |
| 3rd plural | kweþandi | kweþain | kweþandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | kweþai | – |
| 2nd singular | kweþazai | kweþaizau |
| 3rd singular | kweþadai | kweþaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | kweþandai | kweþaindau |
| 2nd plural | kweþandai | kweþaindau |
| 3rd plural | kweþandai | kweþaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | kwaþ | kwēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | kwast | kwēdīz |
| 3rd singular | kwaþ | kwēdī |
| 1st dual | kwēdū | kwēdīw |
| 2nd dual | kwēdudiz | kwēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | kwēdum | kwēdīm |
| 2nd plural | kwēdud | kwēdīd |
| 3rd plural | kwēdun | kwēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| kweþaną | kweþandz | kwedanaz |
Descendants
-
*kweþan (Proto-West Germanic)
- quethan (Old Dutch)
-
*kweþan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
cweþan, cweðan, cwoða (Old English)
-
quethen, queden, quethe, queþe, queþen, qweþe, qwethyn, cwæthen, cwethen, cweþen, cweðen, queðen (Middle English)
- quethe (English)
- quethe (Scots)
- co, quo (Yola)
-
quethen, queden, quethe, queþe, queþen, qweþe, qwethyn, cwæthen, cwethen, cweþen, cweðen, queðen (Middle English)
-
cweþan, cweðan, cwoða (Old English)
-
*kweþan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
quetha (Old Frisian)
- kwede (Saterland Frisian)
-
quetha (Old Frisian)
-
*kweþan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
quëdan (Old High German)
-
quëden (Middle High German)
- khödan, khön, koun (Cimbrian)
-
quëden (Middle High German)
-
quëdan (Old High German)
-
*kweþan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
quethan, queþan, queðan (Old Saxon)
- queden (Middle Low German)
-
quethan, queþan, queðan (Old Saxon)
-
kveða (Old Norse)
- kvøða (Faroese)
- kveða (Icelandic)
- kveda (Norwegian Nynorsk)
-
kveða (Old Norse)
-
kvæde (Danish)
- kvede (Norwegian Bokmål)
-
kvæde (Danish)
-
kveða (Old Norse)
-
kvæþa (Old Swedish)
- kväda (Swedish)
-
kvæþa (Old Swedish)
- 𐌵𐌹𐌸𐌰𐌽 (qiþan) (Gothic)