*kwikwaz

Runic: ᚲᚹᛁᚲᚹᚨᛉ Pronunciation: /ˈkʷi.kʷɑz/

adjective · a-stem

Meanings

alive
lively, quick

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós (‘alive’).

This word has been supposed to be an example of an h₃w > gʷ > kw shift termed Cowgill's Law (see there for more). However, Kroonen, Steer, and Kölligan give their own alternative explanations without invoking such a sound law:

Declension

Strong declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	kwikwaz	kwikwō	kwikwą, -atō	kwikwai	kwikwôz	kwikwō
Acc.	kwikwanǭ	kwikwǭ	kwikwą, -atō	kwikwanz	kwikwōz	kwikwō
Gen.	kwikwas, -is	kwikwaizōz	kwikwas, -is	kwikwaizǫ̂	kwikwaizǫ̂	kwikwaizǫ̂
Dat.	kwikwammai	kwikwaizōi	kwikwammai	kwikwaimaz	kwikwaimaz	kwikwaimaz
Inst.	kwikwanō	kwikwaizō	kwikwanō	kwikwaimiz	kwikwaimiz	kwikwaimiz

Weak declension

Case	Sg. Masc.	Sg. Fem.	Sg. Neut.	Pl. Masc.	Pl. Fem.	Pl. Neut.
Nom.	kwikwô	kwikwǭ	kwikwô	kwikwaniz	kwikwōniz	kwikwōnō
Acc.	kwikwanų	kwikwōnų	kwikwô	kwikwanunz	kwikwōnunz	kwikwōnō
Gen.	kwikwiniz	kwikwōniz	kwikwiniz	kwikwanǫ̂	kwikwōnǫ̂	kwikwanǫ̂
Dat.	kwikwini	kwikwōni	kwikwini	kwikwammaz	kwikwōmaz	kwikwammaz
Inst.	kwikwinē	kwikwōnē	kwikwinē	kwikwammiz	kwikwōmiz	kwikwammiz

Find a form

Descendants

*kwiku (Proto-West Germanic)
- quic (Old Dutch)
  - quic (Middle Dutch)
    - kwik, kwiek (Dutch)
*kwiku (Proto-West Germanic)
- cwic, cuc, cucu, cwicu, cwuc, cwucu (Old English)
  - quyk, quic, quicke, quik, quike, quikke, quycke, quyke, quykke, qwicke, qwik, qwyck, qwyk, qwyke, cwic, cwich, cwick, cwuc, qwhyke, weke, whik, whike, whikk, whyk, whyke, whykke (Middle English)
    - quick, queek (Scots)
*kwiku (Proto-West Germanic)
- cwic, cuc, cucu, cwicu, cwuc, cwucu (Old English)
  - quyk, quic, quicke, quik, quike, quikke, quycke, quyke, quykke, qwicke, qwik, qwyck, qwyk, qwyke, cwic, cwich, cwick, cwuc, qwhyke, weke, whik, whike, whikk, whyk, whyke, whykke (Middle English)
    - quick (English)
      - quik (Ido)
*kwiku (Proto-West Germanic)
- quik (Old Frisian)
  - quick, queck (North Frisian)
  - kwik (Saterland Frisian)
  - kwik, kwyk (West Frisian)
*kwiku (Proto-West Germanic)
- quic, quec, chëch (Old High German)
  - quëc, këc (Middle High German)
    - keck, qu- (German)
      - kæk (Danish)
      - kek (Dutch)
      - kjekk (Norwegian)
      - käck (Swedish)
*kwiku (Proto-West Germanic)
- quik (Old Saxon)
  - *quik, quikpenninc, quikstērt, quiksilver (Middle Low German)
    - quick (German)
    - quick (German Low German)
kvikr (Old Norse)
- kvik (Danish)
- kvikur, kykur (Faroese)
- kvikur (Icelandic)
kvikr (Old Norse)
- ? (Norwegian)
  - kvikk (Norwegian Bokmål)
  - kvik, kvikk (Norwegian Nynorsk)
kvikr (Old Norse)
- qvikker (Old Swedish)
  - kvick (Swedish)
kykr (Old Norse)
- kvik (Danish)
- kvikur, kykur (Faroese)
- kvikur (Icelandic)
kykr (Old Norse)
- ? (Norwegian)
  - kvikk (Norwegian Bokmål)
  - kvik, kvikk (Norwegian Nynorsk)
kykr (Old Norse)
- qvikker (Old Swedish)
  - kvick (Swedish)
𐌵𐌹𐌿𐍃 (qius) (Gothic)

Explore/search these descendants

View on Wiktionary