*kōpijaną

Runic: ᚲᛟᛈᛁᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈkɔː.pi.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 1

Meanings

to look after, observe
to watch, keep, care for

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *ǵab-, *ǵeb- (‘to look after’). Cognate with Lithuanian gebėti (‘to cultivate, maintain, be able’), Russian забо́та (zabóta, ‘care, concern, attention’).

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	kōpijō	kōpijaų	–
2nd singular	kōpīsi	kōpijais	kōpī
3rd singular	kōpīþi	kōpijai	kōpijaþau
1st dual	kōpijōs	kōpijaiw	–
2nd dual	kōpijaþiz	kōpijaiþiz	kōpijaþiz
1st plural	kōpijamaz	kōpijaim	–
2nd plural	kōpīþ	kōpijaiþ	kōpīþ
3rd plural	kōpijanþi	kōpijain	kōpijanþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	kōpijai	–
2nd singular	kōpijasai	kōpijaisau
3rd singular	kōpijaþai	kōpijaiþau
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	kōpijanþai	kōpijainþau
2nd plural	kōpijanþai	kōpijainþau
3rd plural	kōpijanþai	kōpijainþau

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	kōpidǭ	kōpidēdį̄
2nd singular	kōpidēz	kōpidēdīz
3rd singular	kōpidē	kōpidēdī
1st dual	kōpidēdū	kōpidēdīw
2nd dual	kōpidēdudiz	kōpidēdīdiz
1st plural	kōpidēdum	kōpidēdīm
2nd plural	kōpidēdud	kōpidēdīd
3rd plural	kōpidēdun	kōpidēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
kōpijaną	kōpijandz	kōpidaz

Descendants

*kōpijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *cōpnian (Old English)
  - copnen (Middle English)
*kōpijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- cēpan (Old English)
  - kepen (Middle English)
    - keep (English)
    - kepe, keip (Scots)
*kōpijan (Proto-West Germanic)
- *kēpa (Old Frisian)
  - kipe, kippe, kypje (West Frisian)
kópa (Old Norse)
- kópa (Icelandic)
- kope (Norwegian Bokmål)
- kope (Norwegian Nynorsk)

Explore/search these descendants

View on Wiktionary