*libjaną

Runic: ᛚᛁᛒᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈliβ.jɑ.nɑ̃/

verb · Weak class 3

Meanings

to live, to be alive

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *leyp- (‘leave, cling, linger’), with semantic development "to leave, cling" > "to remain" > "to live".

Conjugation

Present active

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive	Imperative
1st singular	libjō	libjaų	–
2nd singular	libaisi	libjais	libai
3rd singular	libaiþi	libjai	libjaþau
1st dual	libjōs	libjaiw	–
2nd dual	libjaþiz	libjaiþiz	libjaþiz
1st plural	libjamaz	libjaim	–
2nd plural	libaiþ	libjaiþ	libaiþ
3rd plural	libjanþi	libjain	libjanþau

Present passive

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	–	–
2nd singular	–	–
3rd singular	–	–
1st dual	–	–
2nd dual	–	–
1st plural	–	–
2nd plural	–	–
3rd plural	–	–

Past

Person	Indicative	Subjunctive
1st singular	libdǭ	libdēdį̄
2nd singular	libdēz	libdēdīz
3rd singular	libdē	libdēdī
1st dual	libdēdū	libdēdīw
2nd dual	libdēdudiz	libdēdīdiz
1st plural	libdēdum	libdēdīm
2nd plural	libdēdud	libdēdīd
3rd plural	libdēdun	libdēdīn

Non-finite Forms

Infinitive	Present Participle	Past Participle
libjaną	libjandz	libdaz

Find a form

Descendants

*libbjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- libben (Old Dutch)
  - leven (Middle Dutch)
    - leve, léëve (Limburgish)
*libbjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- libben (Old Dutch)
  - leven (Middle Dutch)
    - leven, leeven (Dutch)
      - leef, lewe (Afrikaans)
      - lefu (Berbice Creole Dutch)
      - lêve (Jersey Dutch)
      - leev, lif, leven (Negerhollands)
*libbjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- libban, lybban, lifian, leofian, lifġan (Old English)
  - lyven, leeve, lefe, leve, leven, libbe, libben, lifen, live, liven, lybbe, lyve, libbæn, libbenn, livie, livien, luvien (Middle English)
    - live (English)
    - leeve (Scots)
    - live (Yola)
*libbjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- leva (Old Frisian)
  - líeuwje (Saterland Frisian)
  - libje (West Frisian)
*libbjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- lebēn (Old High German)
  - lëben (Middle High German)
    - ? (Bavarian)
    - leben (German)
    - liewen (Luxembourgish)
    - łaowa (Vilamovian)
    - לעבן (lebn) (Yiddish)
*libbjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- lebēn (Old High German)
  - lëben (Middle High German)
    - lëëbe (Alemannic German)
      - lawe (Alsatian)
      - läba (Swabian)
*libbjan (Proto-West Germanic)
- libbian (Old Saxon)
  - leven (Middle Low German)
    - leven (Low German)
      - lęven, lewen, lewe (German Low German)
      - läwen (Plautdietsch)
lifa (Old Norse)
- liva (Faroese)
- lifa (Icelandic)
- leva, liva (Norwegian Nynorsk)
lifa (Old Norse)
- leve (Danish)
  - leve (Norwegian Bokmål)
lifa (Old Norse)
- liva, leffua (Old Swedish)
  - leva, lefva (Swedish)
𐌻𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽 (liban) (Gothic)

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