*-mô

Runic: ᛗᛟ Pronunciation: /mɔːː/

suffix · forms nouns · masculine · an-stem

Function

forms mostly lexicalized masculine deverbal nouns denoting an action or state, its result or concrete manifestation, and occasionally an associated entity or instrument

Etymology

From a small, largely unproductive Proto-Germanic class of masculine n-stems. These belong historically to the Proto-Indo-European *-men-/*-mon- nominal complex: neuter *-men-stems chiefly formed action, state, and result nouns, while related animate *-mon-stems denoted agents, individuals, possessors, or personified manifestations. The PGmc class probably includes both inherited animate *‑mon-stems and masculinized or remodeled neuter *-men-stems (Krahe & Meid 1969: 127–29; Kroonen 2011a: 27–33; Ringe 2017: 324–25). Compare Latin stāmen and Lithuanian stuomuõ beside PGmc *stōmô.

Paradigm

CaseSingularPlural
Nom.*-mô*-maniz
Acc.*-manų*-manunz
Gen.*-miniz*-manǫ̂
Dat.*-mini*-mammaz
Inst.*-minē*-mammiz
Voc.*-mô*-maniz

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Descendants

  • *-mō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • -ma (Old Frisian)
      • -me, -tme (West Frisian)
  • *-mō (Proto-West Germanic)
    • -mo, -amo, -emo (Old High German)
    • -mo (Old Saxon)
  • -mi (Old East Norse)
    • -mæ (Old Danish)
      • -me (Danish)
  • -mi (Old East Norse)
    • -me (Old Swedish)
      • -ma (Swedish)
  • -𐌼𐌰 (-ma) (Gothic)

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