*niwjaną
Runic: ᚾᛁᚹᛃᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈniu̯.jɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Weak class 1
Meanings
to make new, renew
Etymology
From *niwjaz (‘new’) + *-janą.
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | niwjō | niwjaų | – |
| 2nd singular | niwisi | niwjais | niwi |
| 3rd singular | niwiþi | niwjai | niwjaþau |
| 1st dual | niwjōs | niwjaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | niwjaþiz | niwjaiþiz | niwjaþiz |
| 1st plural | niwjamaz | niwjaim | – |
| 2nd plural | niwiþ | niwjaiþ | niwiþ |
| 3rd plural | niwjanþi | niwjain | niwjanþau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | niwjai | – |
| 2nd singular | niwjasai | niwjaisau |
| 3rd singular | niwjaþai | niwjaiþau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | niwjanþai | niwjainþau |
| 2nd plural | niwjanþai | niwjainþau |
| 3rd plural | niwjanþai | niwjainþau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | niwidǭ | niwidēdį̄ |
| 2nd singular | niwidēz | niwidēdīz |
| 3rd singular | niwidē | niwidēdī |
| 1st dual | niwidēdū | niwidēdīw |
| 2nd dual | niwidēdudiz | niwidēdīdiz |
| 1st plural | niwidēdum | niwidēdīm |
| 2nd plural | niwidēdud | niwidēdīd |
| 3rd plural | niwidēdun | niwidēdīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| niwjaną | niwjandz | niwidaz |
Descendants
-
*niuwjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
niuwen (Old High German)
- niuwen (Middle High German)
-
niuwen (Old High German)
-
*niuwjan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
niuwian (Old Saxon)
- nǖwen, nīen (Middle Low German)
-
niuwian (Old Saxon)
-
*nýa (Old Norse)
- aternýa (Old East Norse)
-
*𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (*niujan) (Gothic)
- 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌽𐌹𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (ananiujan) (Gothic)