*reudaną²
Runic: ᚱᛖᚢᛞᚨᚾᚨ Pronunciation: /ˈreu̯.ðɑ.nɑ̃/verb · Strong class 2
Meanings
to clear, eradicate, remove
Etymology
Apparently from a Proto-Indo-European *Hrewdʰ- (‘to clear out’), though with no certain cognates outside of Germanic. The main cited possible cognate is Avestan 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬜𐬌𐬌𐬀 (raoⁱδiia, ‘(possibly) to be made arable’), though this is uncertain due to the Avestan term itself having an uncertain interpretation. Said root has been linked to Proto-Indo-European *(H)rewH- (‘to dig out’) (whence also Latin ruo (‘I dig out’), Proto-Slavic *rъvati (‘to tear’)).
Conjugation
Present active
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive | Imperative |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | reudō | reudaų | – |
| 2nd singular | riudizi | reudaiz | reud |
| 3rd singular | riudidi | reudai | reudadau |
| 1st dual | reudōz | reudaiw | – |
| 2nd dual | reudadiz | reudaidiz | reudadiz |
| 1st plural | reudamaz | reudaim | – |
| 2nd plural | riudid | reudaid | riudid |
| 3rd plural | reudandi | reudain | reudandau |
Present passive
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | reudai | – |
| 2nd singular | reudazai | reudaizau |
| 3rd singular | reudadai | reudaidau |
| 1st dual | – | – |
| 2nd dual | – | – |
| 1st plural | reudandai | reudaindau |
| 2nd plural | reudandai | reudaindau |
| 3rd plural | reudandai | reudaindau |
Past
| Person | Indicative | Subjunctive |
|---|---|---|
| 1st singular | raud | rudį̄ |
| 2nd singular | raust | rudīz |
| 3rd singular | raud | rudī |
| 1st dual | rudū | rudīw |
| 2nd dual | rududiz | rudīdiz |
| 1st plural | rudum | rudīm |
| 2nd plural | rudud | rudīd |
| 3rd plural | rudun | rudīn |
Non-finite Forms
| Infinitive | Present Participle | Past Participle |
|---|---|---|
| reudaną | reudandz | rudanaz |
Descendants
-
*reudan (Proto-West Germanic)
- rēodan (Old English)
-
*reudan (Proto-West Germanic)
-
*riotan (Old High German)
- rieten (Middle High German)
-
*riotan (Old High German)
-
rjóða (Old Norse)
- rjóða (Icelandic)